rpf.lmp {rpf} | R Documentation |
Create logistic function of a monotonic polynomial (LMP) model
Description
This model is a dichotomous response model originally proposed by Liang (2007) and is implemented using the parameterization by Falk & Cai (2016).
Usage
rpf.lmp(q = 0, multidimensional = FALSE)
Arguments
q |
a non-negative integer that controls the order of the polynomial (2q+1) with a default of q=0 (1st order polynomial = 2PL). |
multidimensional |
whether to use a multidimensional model.
Defaults to |
Details
The LMP model replaces the linear predictor part of the
two-parameter logistic function with a monotonic polynomial,
m(\theta,\omega,\xi,\mathbf{\alpha},\mathbf{\tau})
,
\mathrm P(\mathrm{pick}=1|\omega,\xi,\mathbf{\alpha},\mathbf{\tau},\theta)
= \frac{1}{1+\exp(-(\xi + m(\theta;\omega,\mathbf{\alpha},\mathbf{\tau})))}
where \mathbf{\alpha}
and \mathbf{\tau}
are vectors
of length q.
The order of the polynomial is always odd and is controlled by
the user specified non-negative integer, q. The model contains
2+2*q parameters and are used in conjunction with the rpf.prob
or rpf.dTheta
function in the following order:
\omega
- the natural log of the slope of the item model when q=0,
\xi
- the intercept,
\alpha
and \tau
- two parameters that control bends in
the polynomial. These latter parameters are repeated in the same order for
models with q>0. For example, a q=2 polynomial with have an item
parameter vector of: \omega, \xi, \alpha_1, \tau_1, \alpha_2, \tau_2
.
In general, the polynomial looks like the following:
m(\theta;\omega,\alpha,\tau) = b_1\theta + b_2\theta^2 + \dots + b_{2q+1}\theta^{2q+1}
However, the coefficients, b, are not directly estimated, but are a function of the
item parameters. In particular, the derivative m'(\theta;\omega,\alpha,\tau)
is
parameterized in the following way:
m'(\theta;\omega,\alpha,\tau) = \left\{\begin{array}{ll}\exp(\omega) \prod_{u=1}^q(1-2\alpha_{u}\theta + (\alpha_{u}^2 + \exp(\tau_{u}))\theta^2) & \mbox{if } q > 0 \\
\exp(\omega) & \mbox{if } q = 0\end{array} \right.
See Falk & Cai (2016) for more details as to how the polynomial is constructed.
At the lowest order polynomial (q=0) the model reduces to the
two-parameter logistic (2PL) model. However, parameterization of the
slope parameter, \omega
, is currently different than
the 2PL (i.e., slope = exp(\omega
)). This parameterization
ensures that the response function is always monotonically increasing
without requiring constrained optimization.
For an alternative parameterization that releases constraints
on \omega
, allowing for monotonically decreasing functions,
see rpf.grmp
. And for polytomous items, see both
rpf.grmp
and rpf.gpcmp
.
Value
an item model
References
Falk, C. F., & Cai, L. (2016). Maximum marginal likelihood estimation of a monotonic polynomial generalized partial credit model with applications to multiple group analysis. Psychometrika, 81, 434-460. doi:10.1007/s11336-014-9428-7
Liang (2007). A semi-parametric approach to estimating item response functions. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University.
See Also
Other response model:
rpf.drm()
,
rpf.gpcmp()
,
rpf.grmp()
,
rpf.grm()
,
rpf.mcm()
,
rpf.nrm()
Examples
spec <- rpf.lmp(1) # 3rd order polynomial
theta<-seq(-3,3,.1)
p<-rpf.prob(spec, c(-.11,.37,.24,-.21),theta)
spec <- rpf.lmp(2) # 5th order polynomial
p<-rpf.prob(spec, c(.69,.71,-.5,-8.48,.52,-3.32),theta)