update.meta {meta}

Update a meta-analysis object

Description

Update an existing meta-analysis object.

Usage

## S3 method for class 'meta'
update(
  object,
  data = object$data,
  subset,
  studlab,
  exclude,
  cluster,
  rho = object$rho,
  method,
  sm = object$sm,
  incr,
  method.incr = object$method.incr,
  allstudies = object$allstudies,
  MH.exact = object$MH.exact,
  RR.Cochrane = object$RR.Cochrane,
  Q.Cochrane = object$Q.Cochrane,
  model.glmm = object$model.glmm,
  level = object$level,
  level.ma = object$level.ma,
  common = object$common,
  random = object$random,
  overall = object$overall,
  overall.hetstat = object$overall.hetstat,
  method.random.ci = object$method.random.ci,
  adhoc.hakn.ci = object$adhoc.hakn.ci,
  method.predict = object$method.predict,
  adhoc.hakn.pi = object$adhoc.hakn.pi,
  seed.predict = object$seed.predict,
  method.tau = object$method.tau,
  method.tau.ci = object$method.tau.ci,
  tau.preset = object$tau.preset,
  TE.tau = object$TE.tau,
  tau.common = object$tau.common,
  prediction = object$prediction,
  level.predict = object$level.predict,
  null.effect = object$null.effect,
  method.bias = object$method.bias,
  backtransf = object$backtransf,
  pscale = object$pscale,
  irscale = object$irscale,
  irunit = object$irunit,
  text.common = object$text.common,
  text.random = object$text.random,
  text.predict = object$text.predict,
  text.w.common = object$text.w.common,
  text.w.random = object$text.w.random,
  title = object$title,
  complab = object$complab,
  outclab = object$outclab,
  label.e = object$label.e,
  label.c = object$label.c,
  label.left = object$label.left,
  label.right = object$label.right,
  n.e = object$n.e,
  n.c = object$n.c,
  method.mean = object$method.mean,
  method.sd = object$method.sd,
  approx.mean.e = object$approx.mean.e,
  approx.mean.c = object$approx.mean.c,
  approx.sd.e = object$approx.sd.e,
  approx.sd.c = object$approx.sd.c,
  approx.mean = object$approx.mean,
  approx.sd = object$approx.sd,
  approx.TE = object$approx.TE,
  approx.seTE = object$approx.seTE,
  pooledvar = object$pooledvar,
  method.smd = object$method.smd,
  sd.glass = object$sd.glass,
  exact.smd = object$exact.smd,
  method.ci = object$method.ci,
  subgroup,
  subgroup.name = object$subgroup.name,
  print.subgroup.name = object$print.subgroup.name,
  sep.subgroup = object$sep.subgroup,
  test.subgroup = object$test.subgroup,
  prediction.subgroup = object$prediction.subgroup,
  seed.predict.subgroup = object$seed.predict.subgroup,
  byvar,
  id,
  print.CMH = object$print.CMH,
  keepdata = TRUE,
  left = object$left,
  ma.common = object$ma.common,
  type = object$type,
  n.iter.max = object$n.iter.max,
  warn = FALSE,
  warn.deprecated = gs("warn.deprecated"),
  verbose = FALSE,
  control = object$control,
  ...
)

Arguments

object

An object of class meta.

data

Dataset.

subset

Subset.

studlab

Study label.

exclude

An optional vector specifying studies to exclude from meta-analysis, however, to include in printouts and forest plots.

cluster

An optional vector specifying which estimates come from the same cluster resulting in the use of a three-level meta-analysis model.

rho

Assumed correlation of estimates within a cluster.

method

A character string indicating which method is to be used for pooling of studies (see metabin, metainc, metaprop and metarate).

sm

A character string indicating which summary measure is used for pooling.

incr

Information on increment added to cell frequencies of studies with zero cell counts (see metabin, metainc, metaprop and metarate).

method.incr

A character string indicating which continuity correction method should be used (see metabin, metainc, metaprop and metarate).

allstudies

A logical indicating if studies with zero or all events in both groups are to be included in the meta-analysis (applies only to metabin object with sm equal to "RR" or "OR").

MH.exact

A logical indicating if incr is not to be added to all cell frequencies for studies with a zero cell count to calculate the pooled estimate based on the Mantel-Haenszel method (applies only to metabin object).

RR.Cochrane

A logical indicating which method to use as continuity correction for the risk ratio (see metabin).

Q.Cochrane

A logical indicating which method to use to calculate the heterogeneity statistic Q (see metabin).

model.glmm

A character string indicating which GLMM model should be used (see metabin and metainc).

level

The level used to calculate confidence intervals for individual studies.

level.ma

The level used to calculate confidence intervals for meta-analysis estimates.

common

A logical indicating whether a common effect meta-analysis should be conducted.

random

A logical indicating whether a random effects meta-analysis should be conducted.

overall

A logical indicating whether overall summaries should be reported. This argument is useful in a meta-analysis with subgroups if overall results should not be reported.

overall.hetstat

A logical value indicating whether to print heterogeneity measures for overall treatment comparisons. This argument is useful in a meta-analysis with subgroups if heterogeneity statistics should only be printed on subgroup level.

method.random.ci

A character string indicating which method is used to calculate confidence interval and test statistic for random effects estimate (see meta-package).

adhoc.hakn.ci

A character string indicating whether an ad hoc variance correction should be applied in the case of an arbitrarily small Hartung-Knapp variance estimate (see meta-package).

method.predict

A character string indicating which method is used to calculate a prediction interval (see meta-package).

adhoc.hakn.pi

A character string indicating whether an ad hoc variance correction should be applied for prediction interval (see meta-package).

seed.predict

A numeric value used as seed to calculate bootstrap prediction interval (see meta-package).

method.tau

A character string indicating which method is used to estimate the between-study variance \tau^2 and its square root \tau (see meta-package).

method.tau.ci

A character string indicating which method is used to estimate the confidence interval of \tau^2 and \tau (see meta-package).

tau.preset

Prespecified value for the square root of the between-study variance \tau^2.

TE.tau

Overall treatment effect used to estimate the between-study variance tau-squared.

tau.common

A logical indicating whether tau-squared should be the same across subgroups.

prediction

A logical indicating whether a prediction interval should be printed.

level.predict

The level used to calculate prediction interval for a new study.

null.effect

A numeric value specifying the effect under the null hypothesis.

method.bias

A character string indicating which test for funnel plot asymmetry is to be used, can be abbreviated. See function metabias.

backtransf

A logical indicating whether results should be back transformed in printouts and plots. If backtransf = TRUE, results for sm = "OR" are printed as odds ratios rather than log odds ratios and results for sm = "ZCOR" are printed as correlations rather than Fisher's z transformed correlations, for example.

pscale

A numeric giving scaling factor for printing of single event probabilities or risk differences, i.e. if argument sm is equal to "PLOGIT", "PLN", "PRAW", "PAS", "PFT", or "RD".

irscale

A numeric defining a scaling factor for printing of single incidence rates or incidence rate differences, i.e. if argument sm is equal to "IR", "IRLN", "IRS", "IRFT", or "IRD".

irunit

A character specifying the time unit used to calculate rates, e.g. person-years.

text.common

A character string used in printouts and forest plot to label the pooled common effect estimate.

text.random

A character string used in printouts and forest plot to label the pooled random effects estimate.

text.predict

A character string used in printouts and forest plot to label the prediction interval.

text.w.common

A character string used to label weights of common effect model.

text.w.random

A character string used to label weights of random effects model.

title

Title of meta-analysis / systematic review.

complab

Comparison label.

outclab

Outcome label.

label.e

Label for experimental group.

label.c

Label for control group.

label.left

Graph label on left side of forest plot.

label.right

Graph label on right side of forest plot.

n.e

Number of observations in experimental group (only for metagen object).

n.c

Number of observations in control group (only for metagen object).

method.mean

A character string indicating which method to use to approximate the mean from the median and other statistics (see metacont and metamean).

method.sd

A character string indicating which method to use to approximate the standard deviation from sample size, median, interquartile range and range (see metacont and metamean).

approx.mean.e

Approximation method to estimate means in experimental group (see metacont).

approx.mean.c

Approximation method to estimate means in control group (see metacont).

approx.sd.e

Approximation method to estimate standard deviations in experimental group (see metacont).

approx.sd.c

Approximation method to estimate standard deviations in control group (see metacont).

approx.mean

Approximation method to estimate means (see metamean).

approx.sd

Approximation method to estimate standard deviations (see metamean).

approx.TE

Approximation method to estimate treatment estimate (see metagen).

approx.seTE

Approximation method to estimate standard error (see metagen).

pooledvar

A logical indicating if a pooled variance should be used for the mean difference or ratio of means (see metacont).

method.smd

A character string indicating which method is used to estimate the standardised mean difference (see metacont).

sd.glass

A character string indicating which standard deviation is used in the denominator for Glass' method to estimate the standardised mean difference (only for metacont object with sm = "SMD"). Either "control" using the standard deviation in the control group (sd.c) or "experimental" using the standard deviation in the experimental group (sd.e), can be abbreviated.

exact.smd

A logical indicating whether exact formulae should be used in estimation of the standardised mean difference and its standard error.

method.ci

A character string indicating which method is used to calculate confidence intervals for individual studies. Either "z", "t", "WS", "WSCC", "AC", "SA", "SACC", "NAsm", or "Poisson", can be abbreviated. See functions metacont, metaprop and metarate.

subgroup

An optional vector to conduct a meta-analysis with subgroups.

subgroup.name

A character string with a name for the subgroup variable.

print.subgroup.name

A logical indicating whether the name of the subgroup variable should be printed in front of the group labels.

sep.subgroup

A character string defining the separator between name of subgroup variable and subgroup label.

test.subgroup

A logical value indicating whether to print results of test for subgroup differences.

prediction.subgroup

A logical indicating whether prediction intervals should be printed for subgroups.

seed.predict.subgroup

A numeric vector providing seeds to calculate bootstrap prediction intervals within subgroups. Must be of same length as the number of subgroups.

byvar

Deprecated argument (replaced by 'subgroup').

id

Deprecated argument (replaced by 'cluster').

print.CMH

A logical indicating whether result of the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test for overall effect should be printed.

keepdata

A logical indicating whether original data (set) should be kept in meta object.

left

A logical indicating whether studies are supposed to be missing on the left or right side of the funnel plot. If NULL, the linear regression test for funnel plot symmetry (i.e., function metabias(..., method = "linreg")) is used to determine whether studies are missing on the left or right side.

ma.common

A logical indicating whether a common effect or random effects model is used to estimate the number of missing studies.

type

A character indicating which method is used to estimate the number of missing studies. Either "L" or "R".

n.iter.max

Maximum number of iterations to estimate number of missing studies.

warn

A logical indicating whether warnings should be printed (e.g., if incr is added to studies with zero cell frequencies).

warn.deprecated

A logical indicating whether warnings should be printed if deprecated arguments are used.

verbose

A logical indicating whether to print information on updates of older meta versions.

control

An optional list to control the iterative process to estimate the between-study variance \tau^2. This argument is passed on to rma.uni or rma.glmm, respectively.

...

Additional arguments (ignored at the moment).

Details

Wrapper function to update an existing meta-analysis object which was created with R function metabin, metacont, metacor, metagen, metainc, metamean, metaprop, or metarate. More details on function arguments are available in help files of respective R functions.

This function can also be used for objects of class 'trimfill', 'metacum', and 'metainf'.

Value

An object of class "meta" and "metabin", "metacont", "metacor", "metainc", "metagen", "metamean", "metaprop", or "metarate" (see meta-object).

Author(s)

Guido Schwarzer [e-mail]

See Also

metabin, metacont, metacor, metagen, metainc, metamean, metaprop, metarate

Examples

data(Fleiss1993cont)
m1 <- metacont(n.psyc, mean.psyc, sd.psyc, n.cont, mean.cont, sd.cont,
  data = Fleiss1993cont, studlab = paste(study, year), sm = "SMD")
m1

# Change summary measure (from 'SMD' to 'MD')
#
update(m1, sm = "MD")

# Restrict analysis to subset of studies
#
update(m1, subset = 1:2)

# Use different levels for confidence intervals
#
m2 <- update(m1, level = 0.66, level.ma = 0.99)
print(m2, digits = 2)
forest(m2)