nth_implausible {hmer}

nth Maximum Implausibility

Description

Computes the nth-maximum implausibility of points relative to a set of emulators.

Usage

nth_implausible(
  ems,
  x,
  z,
  n = NULL,
  max_imp = Inf,
  cutoff = NULL,
  sequential = FALSE,
  get_raw = FALSE,
  ordered = FALSE,
  ...
)

Arguments

ems

A set of Emulator objects or nested sets thereof (see description)

x

An input point, or data.frame of points.

z

The target values, in the usual form or nested thereof.

n

The implausibility level to return.

max_imp

A maximum implausibility to return (often used with plotting)

cutoff

A numeric value, or vector of such, representing allowed implausibility

sequential

Should the emulators be evaluated sequentially?

get_raw

Boolean - determines whether nth-implausibility should be applied.

ordered

If FALSE, emulators are ordered according to restrictiveness.

...

Any additional arguments to pass to chained functions (e.g. ordering to pass to collect_emulators)

Details

For a collection of emulators, we often combine the implausibility measures for a given set of observations. The maximum implausibility of a point, given a set of univariate emulators and an associated collection of target values, is the largest implausibility of the collected set of implausibilities. The 2nd maximum is the maximum of the set without the largest value, and so on. By default, maximum implausibility will be considered when there are fewer than 10 targets to match to; otherwise second-maximum implausibility is considered.

If sequential = TRUE and a specific cutoff has been provided, then the emulators' implausibility will be evaluated one emulator at a time. If a point is judged non-implausible by more than n emulators, FALSE is returned without evaluating any more. Due to R efficiencies, this is more efficient than the 'evaluate all' method once more than around 10 emulators are considered.

This function also deals with variance emulators and bimodal emulators, working in a nested fashion. If targets are provided for both the expectation and variance as a list, then given ems = list(expectation = ..., variance = ...) the implausibility is calculated with respect to both sets of emulators, maximising as relevant. If targets are provided in the 'normal' fashion, then only the mean emulators are used. The bimodal case is similar; given a set of emulators list(mode1 = list(expectation = ..., variance = ...), ...) then each mode has implausibility evaluated separately. The results from the two modes are combined via piecewise minimisation.

Value

Either the nth maximum implausibilities, or booleans (if cutoff is given).

Examples

# A single point
nth_implausible(SIREmulators$ems, data.frame(aSI = 0.4, aIR = 0.25, aSR = 0.025),
 SIREmulators$targets)
# A data.frame of points
grid <- expand.grid(
 aSI = seq(0.1, 0.8, length.out = 4),
 aIR = seq(0, 0.5, length.out = 4),
 aSR = seq(0, 0.05, length.out = 4)
)
# Vector of numerics
i1 <- nth_implausible(SIREmulators$ems, grid, SIREmulators$targets)
# Vector of booleans (same as i1 <= 3)
i2 <- nth_implausible(SIREmulators$ems, grid, SIREmulators$targets, cutoff = 3)
# Throws a warning as n > no. of targets
i3 <- nth_implausible(SIREmulators$ems, grid, SIREmulators$targets, n = 4)
# Vector of booleans (note different output to i2)
i4 <- nth_implausible(SIREmulators$ems, grid, SIREmulators$targets,
 cutoff = c(4, 2.5, 2))

# Variance Emulators
v_ems <- emulator_from_data(BirthDeath$training, c('Y'),
 list(lambda = c(0, 0.08), mu = c(0.04, 0.13)), emulator_type = "variance")
v_targs = list(expectation = list(Y = c(90, 110)), variance = list(Y = c(55, 95)))
nth_implausible(v_ems, unique(BirthDeath$validation[,1:2]), v_targs)
## If there is a mismatch between emulators and targets, expectation is assumed
nth_implausible(v_ems$expectation, unique(BirthDeath$validation[,1:2]), v_targs)
nth_implausible(v_ems, unique(BirthDeath$validation[,1:2]), v_targs$expectation)