rwild {fda.usc}

Wild bootstrap residuals

Description

The wild bootstrap residuals are computed as residuals*V, where V is a sampling from a random variable (see details section).

Usage

rwild(residuals, type = "golden")

Arguments

residuals

residuals

type

Type of distribution of V.

Details

For the construction of wild bootstrap residuals, sampling from a random variable V such that E[V^2]=0 and E[V]=0 is needed. A simple and suitable V is obtained with a discrete variable of the form:

• “golden”, Sampling from golden section bootstrap values suggested by Mammen (1993).

  P\Bigg\{ V=\frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2} \Bigg\} = \frac{5+\sqrt{5}}{10} \, and \, P\Bigg\{ V=\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2} \Bigg\} = \frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{10},

  which leads to the golden section bootstrap.

• “Rademacher”, Sampling from Rademacher distribution values \big\{-1,\,1\big\} with probabilities \big\{\frac{1}{2},\,\frac{1}{2}\big\}, respectively.

• “normal”, Sampling from a standard normal distribution.

Value

The wild bootstrap residuals computed using a sample of the random variable V.

Author(s)

Eduardo Garcia-Portugues, Manuel Febrero-Bande and Manuel Oviedo de la Fuente [e-mail].

References

Mammen, E. (1993). Bootstrap and wild bootstrap for high dimensional linear models. Annals of Statistics 21, 255 285. Davidson, R. and E. Flachaire (2001). The wild bootstrap, tamed at last. working paper IER1000, Queens University.

See Also

flm.test, flm.Ftest, dfv.test, fregre.bootstrap

Examples

n<-100
# For golden wild bootstrap variable
e.boot0=rwild(rep(1,len=n),"golden")
# Construction of wild bootstrap residuals
e=rnorm(n)
e.boot1=rwild(e,"golden")
e.boot2=rwild(e,"Rademacher")
e.boot3=rwild(e,"normal")
summary(e.boot1)
summary(e.boot2)
summary(e.boot3)