PNDabove {SSDforR}

PND - desired values above the reference line

Description

This effect size function evaluates the percentage of non-overlapping data (PND) above highest data point in the comparison phase.

Usage

PNDabove(behavior, phaseX, v1, v2)

Arguments

behavior

behavior variable

phaseX

phase variable

v1

comparison phase variable (e.g., "A")

v2

letter of second phase (e.g., "B")

Author(s)

Charles Auerbach, PhD Wurzweiler School of Social Work Wendy Zeitlin, PhD Montclair State University

References

Lenz, A.S. (2012). Calculating effect size in single-case research: A comparison of nonoverlap methods. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 46(1), 64-73.

Scruggs, T.E. & Mastropieri, M.A. (2012). PND at 25: Past, present, and future trends in summarizing single-subject research. Remedial and Special Education, 34(1), 9-19.

Go to www.ssdanalysis.com for more information.

Examples

esteem<-c(3, 4, 2, 5, 3, 4, NA, 2, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, NA, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0)
pesteem<-c("A", "A", "A", "A", "A", "A", NA, "B", "B", "B", "B", "B", "B", 
NA, "B1", "B1", "B1", "B1", "B1", "B1", "B1", "B1")
PNDabove(esteem, pesteem,"A","B1")