| PEMbelow {SSDforR} | R Documentation |
PEM - desired values below the reference line
Description
Percentage of Data Exceeding the Median (PEM). The PEM procedure offers a method to assess effect size and adjust for the influence of outliers in the baseline phase when desired values are below the reference line.
Usage
PEMbelow(behavior, phaseX, v1, v2)
Arguments
behavior |
behavior variable |
phaseX |
phase variable |
v1 |
irst phase variable (e.g., "A") |
v2 |
second phase variable (e.g., "B") |
Author(s)
Charles Auerbach, PhD Wurzweiler School of Social Work Wendy Zeitlin, PhD Montclair State University
References
Lenz, A.S. (2012). Calculating effect size in single-case research: A comparison of nonoverlap methods. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 46(1), 64-73.
Ma, H-H. (2009). The effectiveness of intervention on the behavior of individuals with autism: A meta-analysis using percentage of data points exceeding the median of baseline phase. Behavior Modification, 33(3), 339-359.
Go to www.ssdanalysis.com for more information.
Examples
cry<-c(3, 4, 2, 5, 3, 4, NA, 2, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, NA, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0)
pcry<-c("A", "A", "A", "A", "A", "A", NA, "B", "B", "B", "B", "B", "B",
NA, "B1", "B1", "B1", "B1", "B1", "B1", "B1", "B1")
PEMbelow(cry,pcry,"A","B")