ef_wear {vein}

Emissions factors from tyre, break and road surface wear

Description

ef_wear estimates wear emissions. The sources are tyres, breaks and road surface.

Usage

ef_wear(
  wear,
  type,
  pol = "TSP",
  speed,
  load = 0.5,
  axle = 2,
  road = "urban",
  verbose = FALSE
)

Arguments

wear

Character; type of wear: "tyre" (or "tire"), "break" (or "brake") and "road"

type

Character; type of vehicle: "2W", "MC", "Motorcycle", "PC", "LCV", 'HDV", "BUS", "TRUCKS"

pol

Character; pollutant: "TSP", "PM10", "PM2.5", "PM1" and "PM0.1"

speed

Data.frame of speeds

load

Load of the HDV

axle

Number of axle of the HDV

road

Type of road "urban", "rural", "motorway". Only applies when type is "E6DV" or "BEV"

verbose

Logical to show more information. Only applies when type is "E6DV" or "BEV"

Value

emission factors grams/km

References

Ntziachristos and Boulter 2016. Automobile tyre and break wear and road abrasion. In: EEA, EMEP. EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook-2009. European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, 2016

When type is "E6DV" or "BEV": Tivey J., Davies H., Levine J., Zietsman J., Bartington S., Ibarra-Espinosa S., Ropkins K. 2022. Meta Analysis as Early Evidence on the Particulate Emissions Impact of EURO VI to Battery Electric Bus Fleet Transitions. Paper under development.

Examples

{
data(net)
data(pc_profile)
pc_week <- temp_fact(net$ldv+net$hdv, pc_profile)
df <- netspeed(pc_week, net$ps, net$ffs, net$capacity, net$lkm, alpha = 1)
ef <- ef_wear(wear = "tyre", type = "PC", pol = "PM10", speed = df)

ef_wear(wear = "tyre",
        type = c("E6DV"),
        pol = "PM10",
        verbose = TRUE)

ef_wear(wear = "tyre",
        type = c("E6DV"),
        pol = "PM10",
        verbose = FALSE)

}