plot.pendensity {pendensity}

Plotting estimated penalized densities

Description

Plotting estimated penalized densities, need object of class 'pendensity'.

Usage

## S3 method for class 'pendensity'
plot(x, plot.val = 1, val=NULL, latt = FALSE, kernel = FALSE, confi = TRUE,
 main = NULL, sub = NULL, xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL, plot.base = FALSE,
 lwd=NULL,legend.txt=NULL,plot.dens=TRUE,...)

Arguments

x

object of class pendensity

plot.val

if plot.val=1 the density is plotted, if plot.val=2 the distribution function of the observation values is plotted, if plot.val=3 the distribution function is plotted as function

val

vector of y, at which the estimated density should be calculated. If plot.val=2, the calculated values of distribution are returned and the values are pointed in the distribution function of the observed values.

latt

TRUE/FALSE, if TRUE the lattice interface should be used for plotting, default=FALSE

kernel

TRUE/FALSE, if TRUE a kernel density estimation should be added to the density plots, default=FALSE

confi

TRUE/FALSE, if TRUE confidence intervals should be added to the density plots, default=TRUE

main

Main of the density plot, if NULL main contains settings 'K', 'AIC' and 'lambda0' of the estimation

sub

sub of the density plot, if NULL sub contains settings used base 'base' and used order of B-Spline 'q'

xlab

xlab of the density plot, if NULL xlab contains 'y'

ylab

ylab of the density plot, if NULL ylab contains 'density'

plot.base

TRUE/FALSE, if TRUE the weighted base should be added to the density plot, default=FALSE

lwd

lwd of the lines of density plot, if NULL lwd=3, the confidence bands are plotted with lwd=2

legend.txt

if FALSE no legend is plotted, legend.txt can get a vector of characters with length of the groupings. legend.txt works only for plot.val=1

plot.dens

TRUE/FALSE, if the estimated density should be plotted. Default=TRUE. Interesting for evaluating densities in values 'val', while this special plot is not needed.

...

further arguments

Details

Each grouping of factors is plotted. Therefore, equidistant help values are constructed in the support of the response for each grouping of factors. Weighting these help values with knots weights ck results in the density estimation for each grouping of factors. If asked for, pointwise confidence intervals are computed and plotted.

Value

If the density function is plotted, function returns two values

help.env

Contains the constructed help values for the response, the corresponding values for the densities and if asked for the calculated confidence intervals

combi

list of all combinations of the covariates

If additionally the function is called with a valid argument for 'val', a list returns with

y

values at which the estimated density has been calculated

fy

calculated density values in y

sd.up.y.val

the values of the upper confidence interval of y

sd.down.y.val

the values of the lower confidence interval of y

If the empirical distribution function is plotted, the function returns

y

containing the observed values y

sum

containing the empirical distribution of each observation y

If the theoretical distribution function is plotted, the function returns an environment. For plotting the theoretical distributions, each interval between two knots is evaluated at 100 equidistant simulated points between the two knots considered. These points are saved in the environment with the name "paste("x",i,sep="")" for each interval i, the calculated distribution is save with the name "paste("F(x)",i,sep="")" for each interval i. For these points, the distribution is calculated.

Note

For plotting the density and e.g. the empirical distributions, use e.g. 'X11()' before calling the second plot to open a new graphic device.

Author(s)

Christian Schellhase <[e-mail]>

References

Density Estimation with a Penalized Mixture Approach, Schellhase C. and Kauermann G. (2012), Computational Statistics 27 (4), p. 757-777.

Examples

y <- rnorm(100)
test <- pendensity(y~1)
plot(test)

#distribution
plot(test,plot.val=2)