plot.lmList {nlme}

Plot an lmList Object

Description

Diagnostic plots for the linear model fits corresponding to the x components are obtained. The form argument gives considerable flexibility in the type of plot specification. A conditioning expression (on the right side of a | operator) always implies that different panels are used for each level of the conditioning factor, according to a Trellis display. If form is a one-sided formula, histograms of the variable on the right hand side of the formula, before a | operator, are displayed (the Trellis function histogram is used). If form is two-sided and both its left and right hand side variables are numeric, scatter plots are displayed (the Trellis function xyplot is used). Finally, if form is two-sided and its left had side variable is a factor, box-plots of the right hand side variable by the levels of the left hand side variable are displayed (the Trellis function bwplot is used).

Usage

## S3 method for class 'lmList'
plot(x, form, abline, id, idLabels, grid, ...)

Arguments

x

an object inheriting from class "lmList", representing a list of lm objects with a common model.

form

an optional formula specifying the desired type of plot. Any variable present in the original data frame used to obtain x can be referenced. In addition, x itself can be referenced in the formula using the symbol ".". Conditional expressions on the right of a | operator can be used to define separate panels in a Trellis display. Default is resid(., type = "pool") ~ fitted(.) , corresponding to a plot of the standardized residuals (using a pooled estimate for the residual standard error) versus fitted values.

abline

an optional numeric value, or numeric vector of length two. If given as a single value, a horizontal line will be added to the plot at that coordinate; else, if given as a vector, its values are used as the intercept and slope for a line added to the plot. If missing, no lines are added to the plot.

id

an optional numeric value, or one-sided formula. If given as a value, it is used as a significance level for a two-sided outlier test for the standardized residuals. Observations with absolute standardized residuals greater than the 1 - value/2 quantile of the standard normal distribution are identified in the plot using idLabels. If given as a one-sided formula, its right hand side must evaluate to a logical, integer, or character vector which is used to identify observations in the plot. If missing, no observations are identified.

idLabels

an optional vector, or one-sided formula. If given as a vector, it is converted to character and used to label the observations identified according to id. If given as a one-sided formula, its right hand side must evaluate to a vector which is converted to character and used to label the identified observations. Default is getGroups(x).

grid

an optional logical value indicating whether a grid should be added to plot. Default depends on the type of Trellis plot used: if xyplot defaults to TRUE, else defaults to FALSE.

...

optional arguments passed to the Trellis plot function.

Value

a diagnostic Trellis plot.

Author(s)

José Pinheiro and Douglas Bates [e-mail]

See Also

lmList,predict.lm, xyplot, bwplot, histogram

Examples

fm1 <- lmList(distance ~ age | Subject, Orthodont)
# standardized residuals versus fitted values by gender
plot(fm1, resid(., type = "pool") ~ fitted(.) | Sex, abline = 0, id = 0.05)
# box-plots of residuals by Subject
plot(fm1, Subject ~ resid(.))
# observed versus fitted values by Subject
plot(fm1, distance ~ fitted(.) | Subject, abline = c(0,1))