hospital {networkDynamicData}R Documentation

Hospital ward dynamic contact network

Description

This dataset contains the SocioPatterns temporal network of contacts between patients, patients and health-care workers (HCWs) and among HCWs in a hospital ward in Lyon, France, from Monday, December 6, 2010 at 1:00 pm to Friday, December 10, 2010 at 2:00 pm. The study included 46 HCWs and 29 patients.

Usage

data(hospital)

Format

The format is is a networkDynamic object. The network contains the vertex attribute role with the values:

The net.obs.period network attribute describes an observation range from 120 to 347640 seconds. Observations are discrete 20-second intervals.

Details

The details below are excerpted from the paper describing the dataset:

Study Design and Data Collection

Data were collected in a short stay geriatric unit (19 beds) of a university hospital of almost 1000 beds [3] in Lyon, France, from Monday, December 6, 2010 at 1:00 pm to Friday, December 10, 2010 at 2:00 pm. During that time, 50 professional staff worked in the unit and 31 patients were admitted. We collected data on the contacts between 46 staff members (92% participation rate) and 29 patients (94% participation rate). The participating staff members were 27 nurses or nurses' aides, 11 medical doctors and 8 administrative staff.

In the ward, all rooms but 2 were single-bed rooms. Each day 2 teams of 2 nurses and 3 nurses' aides worked in the ward: one of the teams was present from 7:00 am to 1:30 pm and the other from 1:30 pm to 8:00 pm. An additional nurse and an additional nurse' aid were moreover present from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm. Two nurses were present during the nights from 8:00 pm to 7:00 am. In addition, a physiotherapist and a nutritionist were present each day at various points in time, with no fixed schedule, and a social counselor and a physical therapist visited on demand (in our analysis they are considered as nurses). Two physicians and 2 interns were present from 8:00 am to 17:00 pm each day. Visits were allowed from 12:00 am to 8:00 pm but visitors were not included in the study.

The measurement system, developed by the SocioPatterns collaboration, is based on small active RFID devices (“tag”) that are embedded in unobtrusive wearable badges and exchange ultra-low-power radio packets. The power level is tuned so that devices can exchange packets only when located within 1-1.5 meters of one another, i.e., package exchange is used as a proxy for distance (the tags do not directly measure distances). Individuals were asked to wear the devices on their chests using lanyards, ensuring that the RFID devices of two individuals can only exchange radio packets when the persons are facing each other, as the human body acts as a RF shield at the frequency used for communication. In summary the system is tuned so that it detects and records close-range encounters during which a communicable disease infection could be transmitted, for example, by cough, sneeze or hand contact. The information on face-to-face proximity events detected by the wearable sensors is relayed to radio receivers installed throughout the hospital ward (bedrooms, offices and hall).

The system was tuned so that whenever two individuals wearing the RFID tags were in face-to-face proximity the probability to detect such a proximity event over an time interval of 20 seconds was larger than 99%. We therefore define two individuals to be in “contact” during a 20-second interval if and only if their sensors exchanged at least one packet during that interval. A contact is therefore symmetric by definition, and in case of contacts involving three or more individuals in the same 20-second interval, all the contact pairs were considered. After the contact is established, it is considered ongoing as long as the devices continue to exchange at least one packet for every subsequent 20 s interval. Conversely, a contact is considered broken if a 20-second interval elapses with no exchange of packets. We emphasize that this is an operational definition of the human proximity behavior that we choose to quantify, and that all the results we present correspond to this precise and specific definition of “contact”. We make the raw data we collected available to the public as Datasets S1-S5 in File S1 and on the website of the SocioPatterns collaboration (www. sociopatterns.org).

Terms and conditions

The data are distributed to the public under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/. When this data is used in published research or for visualization purposes, please cite the following paper: P. Vanhems et al., Estimating Potential Infection Transmission Routes in Hospital Wards Using Wearable Proximity Sensors, PLoS ONE 8(9): e73970 (2013). Please also acknowledge the SocioPatterns collaboration and provide a link to http://www.sociopatterns.org.

Author(s)

Philippe Vanhems, Alain Barrat, Ciro Cattuto, Jean-Francois Pinton, Nagham Khanafer, Corinne Regis, Byeul-a Kim, Brigitte Comte, Nicolas Voirin. info@sociopatterns.org

Source

http://www.sociopatterns.org/datasets/hospital-ward-dynamic-contact-network/ http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0073970

References

P. Vanhems et al., Estimating Potential Infection Transmission Routes in Hospital Wards Using Wearable Proximity Sensors, PLoS ONE 8(9): e73970 (2013). http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0073970

Examples

data(hospital_contact)
## Not run: 
# get an overview of temporal density
plot(table(get.edge.activity(hospital,as.spellList=TRUE)[,1]),
xlab='time',ylab='activity count',col="#00000055")

# define a mapping of roles to colors
rolecolors<-function(roles){
  roles[roles=='NUR']<-'blue'
  roles[roles=='PAT']<-'gray'
  roles[roles=='MED']<-'green'
  roles[roles=='ADM']<-'orange'
  return(roles)
}

# network plot aggregating across all days
slice<-network.collapse(hospital,rm.time.info=FALSE)
plot(slice,vertex.col=rolecolors(slice%v%'role'),
  edge.lwd=slice%e%'activity.duration'/300,edge.col='#00000044')
  
# plot one hour of interaction
plot(network.extract(hospital,onset=160000,terminus=163600),
vertex.cex=0.5,vertex.col=rolecolors(hospital%v%'role'))

## End(Not run)
[Package networkDynamicData version 0.2.1 Index]