innsight_ggplot2 {innsight}

S4 class for ggplot2-based plots

Description

The S4 class innsight_ggplot2 visualizes the results of the methods provided from the package innsight using ggplot2. In addition, it allows easier analysis of the results and modification of the visualization by basic generic functions. The individual slots are for internal use only and should not be modified.

Details

This S4 class is a simple extension of a ggplot2 object that enables a more detailed analysis of the results and a way to visualize the results of models with multiple input layers (e.g., images and tabular data). The distinction between one and multiple input layers decides the behavior of this class, and this information is stored in the slot multiplot.

One input layer (multiplot = FALSE)

If the model passed to a method from the innsight package has only one input layer, the S4 class innsight_ggplot2 is just a wrapper of a single ggplot2 object. This object is stored as a 1x1 matrix in the slot grobs and the slots output_strips and col_dims contain only empty lists because no second line of stripes describing the input layer is needed. Although it is an object of the class innsight_ggplot2, the generic function +.innsight_ggplot2 provides a ggplot2-typical usage to modify the representation. The graphical objects are simply forwarded to the ggplot2 object in grobs and added using ggplot2::+.gg. In addition, some generic functions are implemented to visualize or examine individual aspects of the overall plot in more detail. All available generic functions are listed below:

• +

• plot, print and show (all behave the same)

• [

• [[

Note: In this case, the generic function ⁠[<-⁠ is not implemented because there is only one ggplot2 object and not multiple ones.

Multiple input layers (multiplot = TRUE)

If the passed model has multiple input layers, a ggplot2 object is created for each data point, input layer and output node and then stored as a matrix in the slot grobs. During visualization, these are combined using the function gridExtra::arrangeGrob and corresponding strips for the output layer/node names are added at the top. The labels, column indices and theme for the extra row of strips are stored in the slots output_strips and col_dims. The strips for the input layer and the data points (if not boxplot) are created using ggplot2::facet_grid in the individual ggplot2 objects of the grob matrix. An example structure is shown below:

|      Output 1: Node 1      |      Output 1: Node 3      |
|   Input 1   |   Input 2    |   Input 1   |   Input 2    |
|---------------------------------------------------------|-------------
|             |              |             |              |
| grobs[1,1]  |  grobs[1,2]  | grobs[1,3]  | grobs[1,4]   | data point 1
|             |              |             |              |
|---------------------------------------------------------|-------------
|             |              |             |              |
| grobs[2,1]  |  grobs[2,2]  | grobs[2,3]  | grobs[2,4]   | data point 2
|             |              |             |              |

Similar to the other case, generic functions are implemented to add graphical objects from ggplot2, create the whole plot or select only specific rows/columns. The difference, however, is that each entry in each row and column is a separate ggplot2 object and can be modified individually. For example, adds + ggplot2::xlab("X") the x-axis label "X" to all objects and not only to those in the last row. The generic function [<- allows you to replace a selection of objects in grobs and thus, for example, to change the x-axis title only in the bottom row. All available generic functions are listed below:

• +

• plot, print and show (all behave the same)

• [

• [[

• [<-

• [[<-

Note: Since this is not a standard visualization, the suggested packages 'grid', 'gridExtra' and 'gtable' must be installed.

Slots

grobs

The individual ggplot2 objects arranged as a matrix (see details for more information)

multiplot

A logical value indicating whether there are multiple input layers and therefore correspondingly individual ggplot2 objects instead of one single object.

output_strips

A list containing the labels and themes of the strips for the output nodes. This slot is only relevant if multiplot is TRUE.

col_dims

A list of the length of output_strips assigning to each strip the column index of grobs of the associated strip.

boxplot

A logical value indicating whether the result of individual data points or a boxplot over multiple instances is displayed.