getLiquidityMeasures {highfrequency}

Compute Liquidity Measure

Description

Function returns an xts or data.table object containing 23 liquidity measures. Please see details below.

Note that this assumes a regular time grid.

Usage

getLiquidityMeasures(tqData, win = 300)

Arguments

tqData

A data.table or xts object as in the highfrequency merged trades and quotes data.

win

A windows length for the forward-prices used for ‘realized’ spread

Details

NOTE: xts or data.table should only contain one day of observations Some markets have publish information about whether it was a buyer or a seller who initiated the trade. This information can be passed in a column DIRECTION this column must only have 1 or -1 as values.

The respective liquidity measures are defined as follows:

• effectiveSpread

  \mbox{effective spread}_t = 2*D_t*(\mbox{PRICE}_{t} - \frac{(\mbox{BID}_{t}+\mbox{OFR}_{t})}{2}),

  where D_t is 1 (-1) if trade_t was buy (sell) (see Boehmer (2005), Bessembinder (2003)). Note that the input of this function consists of the matched trades and quotes, so this is were the time indication refers to (and thus not to the registered quote timestamp).

• realizedSpread: realized spread

  \mbox{realized spread}_t = 2*D_t*(\mbox{PRICE}_{t} - \frac{(\mbox{BID}_{t+300}+\mbox{OFR}_{t+300})}{2}),

  where D_t is 1 (-1) if trade_t was buy (sell) (see Boehmer (2005), Bessembinder (2003)). Note that the time indication of \mbox{BID} and \mbox{OFR} refers to the registered time of the quote in seconds.

• valueTrade: trade value

  \mbox{trade value}_t = \mbox{SIZE}_{t}*\mbox{PRICE}_{t}.

• signedValueTrade: signed trade value

  \mbox{signed trade value}_t = D_t * (\mbox{SIZE}_{t}*\mbox{PRICE}_{t}),

  where D_t is 1 (-1) if trade_t was buy (sell) (see Boehmer (2005), Bessembinder (2003)).

• depthImbalanceDifference: depth imbalance (as a difference)

  \mbox{depth imbalance (as difference)}_t = \frac{D_t *(\mbox{OFRSIZ}_{t}-\mbox{BIDSIZ}_{t})}{(\mbox{OFRSIZ}_{t}+\mbox{BIDSIZ}_{t})},

  where D_t is 1 (-1) if trade_t was buy (sell) (see Boehmer (2005), Bessembinder (2003)). Note that the input of this function consists of the matched trades and quotes, so this is were the time indication refers to (and thus not to the registered quote timestamp).

• depthImbalanceRatio: depth imbalance (as ratio)

  \mbox{depth imbalance (as ratio)}_t = (\frac{\mbox{OFRSIZ}_{t}}{\mbox{BIDSIZ}_{t}})^{D_t},

  where D_t is 1 (-1) if trade_t was buy (sell) (see Boehmer (2005), Bessembinder (2003)). Note that the input of this function consists of the matched trades and quotes, so this is were the time indication refers to (and thus not to the registered quote timestamp).

• proportionalEffectiveSpread: proportional effective spread

  \mbox{proportional effective spread}_t = \frac{\mbox{effective spread}_t}{(\mbox{OFR}_{t}+\mbox{BID}_{t})/2}

  (Venkataraman, 2001).

  Note that the input of this function consists of the matched trades and quotes, so this is were the time indication refers to (and thus not to the registered quote timestamp).

• proportionalRealizedSpread: proportional realized spread

  \mbox{proportional realized spread}_t = \frac{\mbox{realized spread}_t}{(\mbox{OFR}_{t}+\mbox{BID}_{t})/2}

  (Venkataraman, 2001).

  Note that the input of this function consists of the matched trades and quotes, so this is were the time indication refers to (and thus not to the registered

• priceImpact: price impact

  \mbox{price impact}_t = \frac{\mbox{effective spread}_t - \mbox{realized spread}_t}{2}

  (see Boehmer (2005), Bessembinder (2003)).

• proportionalPriceImpact: proportional price impact

  \mbox{proportional price impact}_t = \frac{\frac{(\mbox{effective spread}_t - \mbox{realized spread}_t)}{2}}{\frac{\mbox{OFR}_{t}+\mbox{BID}_{t}}{2}}

  (Venkataraman, 2001). Note that the input of this function consists of the matched trades and quotes, so this is where the time indication refers to (and thus not to the registered quote timestamp).

• halfTradedSpread: half traded spread

  \mbox{half traded spread}_t = D_t*(\mbox{PRICE}_{t} - \frac{(\mbox{BID}_{t}+\mbox{OFR}_{t})}{2}),

  where D_t is 1 (-1) if trade_t was buy (sell) (see Boehmer (2005), Bessembinder (2003)). Note that the input of this function consists of the matched trades and quotes, so this is were the time indication refers to (and thus not to the registered quote timestamp).

• proportionalHalfTradedSpread: proportional half traded spread

  \mbox{proportional half traded spread}_t = \frac{\mbox{half traded spread}_t}{\frac{\mbox{OFR}_{t}+\mbox{BID}_{t}}{2}}.

  Note that the input of this function consists of the matched trades and quotes, so this is were the time indication refers to (and thus not to the registered quote timestamp).

• squaredLogReturn: squared log return on trade prices

  \mbox{squared log return on Trade prices}_t = (\log(\mbox{PRICE}_{t})-\log(\mbox{PRICE}_{t-1}))^2.

• absLogReturn: absolute log return on trade prices

  \mbox{absolute log return on Trade prices}_t = |\log(\mbox{PRICE}_{t})-\log(\mbox{PRICE}_{t-1})|.

• quotedSpread: quoted spread

  \mbox{quoted spread}_t = \mbox{OFR}_{t}-\mbox{BID}_{t}

  Note that the input of this function consists of the matched trades and quotes, so this is where the time indication refers to (and thus not to the registered quote timestamp).

• proportionalQuotedSpread: proportional quoted spread

  \mbox{proportional quoted spread}_t = \frac{\mbox{quoted spread}_t}{\frac{\mbox{OFR}_{t}+\mbox{BID}_{t}}{2}}

  (Venkataraman, 2001). Note that the input of this function consists of the matched trades and quotes, so this is where the time indication refers to (and thus not to the registered quote timestamp).

• logQuotedSpread: log quoted spread

  \mbox{log quoted spread}_t = \log(\frac{\mbox{OFR}_{t}}{\mbox{BID}_{t}})

  (Hasbrouck and Seppi, 2001). Note that the input of this function consists of the matched trades and quotes, so this is where the time indication refers to (and thus not to the registered quote timestamp).

• logQuotedSize: log quoted size

  \mbox{log quoted size}_t = \log(\mbox{OFRSIZ}_{t})+\log(\mbox{BIDSIZ}_{t})

  (Hasbrouck and Seppi, 2001). Note that the input of this function consists of the matched trades and quotes, so this is where the time indication refers to (and thus not to the registered quote timestamp).

• quotedSlope: quoted slope

  \mbox{quoted slope}_t = \frac{\mbox{quoted spread}_t}{\mbox{log quoted size}_t}

  (Hasbrouck and Seppi, 2001).

• logQSlope: log quoted slope

  \mbox{log quoted slope}_t = \frac{\mbox{log quoted spread}_t}{\mbox{log quoted size}_t}.

• midQuoteSquaredReturn: midquote squared return

  \mbox{midquote squared return}_t = (\log(\mbox{midquote}_{t})-\log(\mbox{midquote}_{t-1}))^2,

  where \mbox{midquote}_{t} = \frac{\mbox{BID}_{t} + \mbox{OFR}_{t}}{2}.

• midQuoteAbsReturn: midquote absolute return

  \mbox{midquote absolute return}_t = |\log(\mbox{midquote}_{t})-\log(\mbox{midquote}_{t-1})|,

  where \mbox{midquote}_{t} = \frac{\mbox{BID}_{t} + \mbox{OFR}_{t}}{2}.

• signedTradeSize: signed trade size

  \mbox{signed trade size}_t = D_t * \mbox{SIZE}_{t},

  where D_t is 1 (-1) if trade_t was buy (sell).

Value

A modified (enlarged) xts or data.table with the new measures.

References

Bessembinder, H. (2003). Issues in assessing trade execution costs. Journal of Financial Markets, 223-257.

Boehmer, E. (2005). Dimensions of execution quality: Recent evidence for US equity markets. Journal of Financial Economics, 78, 553-582.

Hasbrouck, J. and Seppi, D. J. (2001). Common factors in prices, order flows and liquidity. Journal of Financial Economics, 59, 383-411.

Venkataraman, K. (2001). Automated versus floor trading: An analysis of execution costs on the Paris and New York exchanges. The Journal of Finance, 56, 1445-1485.

Examples

tqData <- matchTradesQuotes(sampleTData[as.Date(DT) == "2018-01-02"], 
                            sampleQData[as.Date(DT) == "2018-01-02"])
res <- getLiquidityMeasures(tqData)
res