log {dual}

Logarithms and Exponentials

Description

Logarithms and Exponentials

Usage

## S4 method for signature 'dual'
log(x)

## S4 method for signature 'dual,numeric'
logb(x, base = exp(1))

## S4 method for signature 'numeric,dual'
logb(x, base = exp(1))

## S4 method for signature 'dual,dual'
logb(x, base = exp(1))

## S4 method for signature 'dual'
log10(x)

## S4 method for signature 'dual'
log2(x)

## S4 method for signature 'dual'
log1p(x)

## S4 method for signature 'dual'
exp(x)

## S4 method for signature 'dual'
expm1(x)

Arguments

x

a dual object or numeric value.

base

a dual object or a positive number. Defaults to e=exp(1).

Value

A dual object containing the transformed values according to the chosen function.

Examples

x <- dual(sqrt(pi), 1:0)
y <- dual(pi * .75, 0:1)
log(x)
logb(x, base = 1.1)
logb(3.1, base = x)

logb(x, y)
log10(x)
log2(x)

log1p(x)

exp(2*x)
expm1(2*x)