dstat-package {dstat} R Documentation

## Conditional Sensitivity Analysis for Matched Observational Studies

### Description

A d-statistic tests the null hypothesis of no treatment effect in a matched, nonrandomized study of the effects caused by treatments. A d-statistic focuses on subsets of matched pairs that demonstrate insensitivity to unmeasured bias in such an observational study, correcting for double-use of the data by conditional inference. This conditional inference can, in favorable circumstances, substantially increase the power of a sensitivity analysis (Rosenbaum (2010) <doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1213-8_14>). There are two examples, one concerning unemployment from Lalive et al. (2006) <doi:10.1111/j.1467-937X.2006.00406.x>, the other concerning smoking and periodontal disease from Rosenbaum (2017) <doi:10.1214/17-STS621>.

### Details

The DESCRIPTION file:

 Package: dstat Type: Package Title: Conditional Sensitivity Analysis for Matched Observational Studies Version: 1.0.4 Author: Paul R. Rosenbaum Maintainer: Paul R. Rosenbaum Description: A d-statistic tests the null hypothesis of no treatment effect in a matched, nonrandomized study of the effects caused by treatments. A d-statistic focuses on subsets of matched pairs that demonstrate insensitivity to unmeasured bias in such an observational study, correcting for double-use of the data by conditional inference. This conditional inference can, in favorable circumstances, substantially increase the power of a sensitivity analysis (Rosenbaum (2010) ). There are two examples, one concerning unemployment from Lalive et al. (2006) , the other concerning smoking and periodontal disease from Rosenbaum (2017) . License: GPL-2 Encoding: UTF-8 LazyData: true Imports: stats

Index of help topics:

amplify                 Amplification of sensitivity analysis in
observational studies.
dental                  Dental Problems Caused by Smoking
dstat                   Sensitivity Analysis Focusing on Subgroups with
Demonstrated Insensitivity to Unmeasured Bias
dstat-package           Conditional Sensitivity Analysis for Matched
Observational Studies
lalive                  Unemployment Duration Following an Increase in
Unemployment Benefits


The package provides a sensitivity analysis for a conditional test of the null hypothesis of no treatment effect in a matched observational study in which the unmeasured bias in treatment assignment is quantified by a sensitivity parameter gamma>=1. The test uses only those categories of pairs that demonstrate insensitivity to a bias of magnitude gamma, correcting for data-dependent selection of categories by conditional inference. The main function in the package is dstat().

### Author(s)

Paul R. Rosenbaum

Maintainer: Paul R. Rosenbaum <rosenbaum@wharton.upenn.edu>

### References

Rosenbaum, P. R. (1999). Using quantile averages in matched observational studies. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics), 48(1), 63-78. <doi.org/10.1111/1467-9876.00140>

### Examples

data("dental")
attach(dental)