by-summary {doBy}

Function to calculate groupwise summary statistics

Description

Function to calculate groupwise summary statistics, much like the summary procedure of SAS

Usage

summary_by(
  data,
  formula,
  id = NULL,
  FUN = mean,
  keep.names = FALSE,
  p2d = FALSE,
  order = TRUE,
  full.dimension = FALSE,
  var.names = NULL,
  fun.names = NULL,
  ...
)

summaryBy(
  formula,
  data = parent.frame(),
  id = NULL,
  FUN = mean,
  keep.names = FALSE,
  p2d = FALSE,
  order = TRUE,
  full.dimension = FALSE,
  var.names = NULL,
  fun.names = NULL,
  ...
)

Arguments

data

A data frame.

formula

A formula object, see examples below.

id

A formula specifying variables which data are not grouped by but which should appear in the output. See examples below.

FUN

A list of functions to be applied, see examples below.

keep.names

If TRUE and if there is only ONE function in FUN, then the variables in the output will have the same name as the variables in the input, see 'examples'.

p2d

Should parentheses in output variable names be replaced by dots?

order

Should the resulting dataframe be ordered according to the variables on the right hand side of the formula? (using orderBy

full.dimension

If TRUE then rows of summary statistics are repeated such that the result will have the same number of rows as the input dataset.

var.names

Option for user to specify the names of the variables on the left hand side.

fun.names

Option for user to specify function names to apply to the variables on the left hand side.

...

Additional arguments to FUN. This could for example be NA actions.

Details

Extra arguments (...) are passed onto the functions in FUN. Hence care must be taken that all functions in FUN accept these arguments - OR one can explicitly write a functions which get around this. This can particularly be an issue in connection with handling NAs. See examples below. Some code for this function has been suggested by Jim Robison-Cox. Thanks.

Value

A dataframe.

Author(s)

Søren Højsgaard, [e-mail]

See Also

ave, descStat, orderBy, order_by, splitBy, split_by, transformBy, transform_by

Examples

data(dietox)
dietox12    <- subset(dietox,Time==12)

fun <- function(x){
  c(m=mean(x), v=var(x), n=length(x))
}

summaryBy(cbind(Weight, Feed) ~ Evit + Cu, data=dietox12,
          FUN=fun)

summaryBy(list(c("Weight", "Feed"), c("Evit", "Cu")), data=dietox12,
          FUN=fun)

## Computations on several variables is done using cbind( )
summaryBy(cbind(Weight, Feed) ~ Evit + Cu, data=subset(dietox, Time > 1),
   FUN=fun)

## Calculations on transformed data is possible using cbind( ), but
# the transformed variables must be named

summaryBy(cbind(lw=log(Weight), Feed) ~ Evit + Cu, data=dietox12, FUN=mean)
 
## There are missing values in the 'airquality' data, so we remove these
## before calculating mean and variance with 'na.rm=TRUE'. However the
## length function does not accept any such argument. Hence we get
## around this by defining our own summary function in which length is
## not supplied with this argument while mean and var are:

sumfun <- function(x, ...){
  c(m=mean(x, na.rm=TRUE, ...), v=var(x, na.rm=TRUE, ...), l=length(x))
}
summaryBy(cbind(Ozone, Solar.R) ~ Month, data=airquality, FUN=sumfun)
## Compare with
aggregate(cbind(Ozone, Solar.R) ~ Month, data=airquality, FUN=sumfun)

## Using '.' on the right hand side of a formula means to stratify by
## all variables not used elsewhere:

data(warpbreaks)
summaryBy(breaks ~ wool + tension, warpbreaks, FUN=mean)
summaryBy(breaks ~ ., warpbreaks, FUN=mean)
summaryBy(. ~ wool + tension, warpbreaks, FUN=mean)

summaryBy(. ~ wool + tension, warpbreaks, FUN=mean)