BodySatisfaction {cmm}

Body satisfaction for seven body parts

Description

A group of 301 university students (204 women and 97 men) answered questions about their degrees of satisfaction with different parts or aspects of their body by completing the Body Esteem Scale (Franzoi & Shields, 1984; Bekker, Croon, & Vermaas, 2002). This scale consisted of 22 items (not counting the items concerning gender-specific body parts), seven of which will be considered here. These seven items loaded highest on the first unrotated principal component, with loadings higher than .70. Principal component analysis was used to discover whether the separate expressions of satisfaction with the different body aspects can be seen as just an expression of the general underlying satisfaction with the body as a whole or whether more underlying dimensions are needed (for the interested reader: two rotated factors were needed to explain the correlations among all the 22 items, one having to do with the general appearance of the body and the other with the satisfaction with the parts of one's face; the items chosen here all belong to the first factor.) The data are tabulated in Bergsma, Croon, and Hagenaars (2009, Table 2.5, Table 2.7).

See Sections 2.2.2 and 3.1 of Bergsma, Croon, and Hagenaars (2009).

Several worked examples involving this data set are listed below but more can be found at http://stats.lse.ac.uk/bergsma/cmm/R files/BodySatisfaction.R

Usage

data(BodySatisfaction)

Format

A data frame with 301 observations on the following variables.

Gender

(factor): 0 = Male; 1 = Female.

Thighs

(ordered): 1 = Very dissatisfied; 2 = Moderately dissatisfied; 3 = Slightly satisfied. 4 = Moderately satisfied. 5 = Very satisfied.

BodyBuild

(ordered): see Thighs

Buttocks

(ordered): see Thighs

Hips

(ordered): see Thighs

Legs

(ordered): see Thighs

Figure

(ordered): see Thighs

Weight

(ordered): see Thighs

Source

Bekker, Croon, & Vermaas (2002).

References

Bekker, M.H.J., Croon, M.A., & Vermaas, S. (2002). Inner body and outward appearance- the relationship between orientation toward outward appearance, body awareness and symptom perception. Personality and Individual Differences, 33, 213-225.

Bergsma, W. P., Croon, M. A., & Hagenaars, J. A. P. (2009). Marginal models for dependent, clustered, and longitudinal categorical data. New York: Springer.

Franzoi, S.L. & Shields, S.A. (1984). The Body-Esteem Scale: Multidimensional structure and sex differences in a college population. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48, 173-178.

Examples

data(BodySatisfaction)

## Reproduction of Table 2.5 in Bergsma, Croon, & Hagenaars (2009)
sapply(2:8,function(i){table(BodySatisfaction[,i])})

## Table 2.6 in Bergsma, Croon and Hagenaars (2009). 
## Loglinear parameters for marginal table IS
## We provide two to obtain the parameters

## Reproduction of Table 2.7 in Bergsma, Croon, & Hagenaars (2009)
Table.2.7.male <- 
 sapply(2:8,function(i){table(BodySatisfaction[BodySatisfaction[1]=="Male",i])})
Table.2.7.male
#totals
apply(Table.2.7.male,2,sum)                               
#means
apply(Table.2.7.male,2,function(x){sum(c(1:5)*x/sum(x))}) 
#standard deviations
sqrt(apply(Table.2.7.male,2,function(x){(sum(c(1:5)^2*x/sum(x)))-(sum(c(1:5)*x/sum(x)))^2}))
                                                           

## Not run: 
dat   <- BodySatisfaction[,2:8]        # omit first column corresponding to gender

# matrix producing 1-way marginals, ie the 7x5 table IS
at75 <- MarginalMatrix(var = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), 
  marg = list(c(1),c(2),c(3),c(4),c(5),c(6),c(7)), 
  dim = c(5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5))
# First method: the "coefficients" are the log-probabilities, 
# from which all the (loglinear) parameters are calculated
stats <- SampleStatistics(dat = dat, 
  coeff = list("log", at75), 
  CoefficientDimensions=c(7, 5),
  Labels=c("I", "S"),
  ShowCoefficients = FALSE,
  ShowParameters = TRUE)

 # Second method: the "coefficients" are explicitly specified as being the 
 # (highest-order) loglinear parameters
 loglinpar75 <- SpecifyCoefficient("LoglinearParameters", c(7,5) )
 stats = SampleStatistics(dat = dat, 
  coeff = list(loglinpar75, at75), 
  CoefficientDimensions = c(7, 5), 
  Labels = c("I", "S"))

## End(Not run)
#For further worked examples from the book, 
# see http://stats.lse.ac.uk/bergsma/cmm/R files/BodySatisfaction.R