| bgtCI {binGroup} | R Documentation |
Confidence Intervals for One Proportion in Binomial Group Testing
Description
Calculates the point estimate, the exact Clopper-Pearson and Blaker CI, the Score test derived Wilson and Agresti-Coull CI, the asymptotic second-order corrected interval fo Cai and the Wald CI for a single binomial proportion estimated from a binomial group testing trial. Assumes equal group sizes, an assay method classifying a group as positive if at least one unit in the group is positive, individuals units randomly assigned to the groups.
Usage
bgtCI(n, s, y, conf.level = 0.95,
alternative = "two.sided", method = "CP")
Arguments
n |
integer, specifying the number of groups (i.e. assays i.e. observations) |
s |
integer, specifying the common size of groups i.e. the number of individual units in each group |
y |
integer, specifying the number of positive groups |
conf.level |
nominal confidence level of the interval |
alternative |
character string defining the alternative hypothesis, either 'two.sided', 'less' or 'greater' where 'less' gives the only an upper bound with confidence level=conf.level 'greater' gives the only a lower bound with confidence level=conf.level and 'two.sided' gives a two-sided confidence interval with confidence level=conf.level |
method |
character string defining the method for CI calculation, where: "CP" is Clopper-Pearson, an exact tail interval showing symmetric coverage probability (inversion of two one-sided tests), "Blaker" is the Blaker interval, an exact interval, inversion of one two.sided test, therefore defined only two.sided, but shorter than the two-sided Clopper-Pearson CI. Both guarantee to contain the true parameter with at least conf.level*100 percent probability, "AC" is the Agresti-Coull (generalized Agresti-Coull) interval, asymptotic method, "Score" is Wilson Score, asymptotic method derived from inversion of the Score test, "SOC" is the second order corrected interval, asymptotic method for one-sided problems (for details see Cai, 2005), and "Wald" the Wald interval, which cannot be recommended. |
Details
This function allows the computation of confidence intervals for binomial group testing as described in Tebbs & Bilder (2004) and Schaarschmidt (2007). If an actual confidence level greater or equal to that specified in the conf.level argument shall always be guaranteed, the exact method of Clopper-Pearson (method="CP") can be recommended for one-sided and the improved method of Blaker (2000) (method="Blaker") can be recommended for two-sided hypotheses. If a mean confidence level close to that specified in the argument conf.level is required, but moderate violation of this level is acceptable, the Second-Order corrected (method="SOC"), Wilson Score (method="Score") or Agresti-Coull (method="AC") might be used (Brown, Cai, DasGupta, 2001; Cai 2005).
Value
A list containing:
conf.int |
a confidence interval for the proportion |
estimate |
the point estimator of the proportion |
Author(s)
Frank Schaarschmidt
References
Blaker H (2000). Confidence curves and improved exact confidence intervals for discrete distributions. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 28 (4), 783-798.
Brown LD, Cai TT, DasGupta A (2001). Interval estimation for a binomial proportion. Statistical Science 16 (2), 101-133.
Cai TT (2005). One-sided confidence intervals in discrete distributions. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference 131, 63-88.
Schaarschmidt F (2007). Experimental design for one-sided confidence intervals or hypothesis tests in binomial group testing. Communications in Biometry and Crop Science 2 (1), 32-40. http://agrobiol.sggw.waw.pl/cbcs/
Tebbs JM & Bilder CR (2004). Confidence interval procedures for the probability of disease transmission in multiple-vector-transfer designs. Journal of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Statistics, 9 (1), 75-90.
See Also
pooledBin for asymptotic confidence intervals and bgtvs for an exact confidence interval when designs with different group sizes are used
bgtTest: for hypothesis tests in binomial group testing
Examples
# See the example in Tebbs and Bilder (2004)
# the two.sided 95-percent
# Clopper-Pearson as default method:
bgtCI(n=24,y=3,s=7)
bgtCI(n=24,y=3,s=7,conf.level=0.95,
alternative="two.sided", method="CP")
# other methods:
# Blaker CI is exact but shorter
# than Clopper-Pearson, only two.sided
bgtCI(n=24,y=3,s=7, alternative="two.sided",
method="Blaker")
# the asymptotic Wilson CI might even
# be shorter:
bgtCI(n=24,y=3,s=7, alternative="two.sided",
method="Score")
# one-sided confidence intervals:
bgtCI(n=24,y=3,s=7, alternative="less", method="CP")
# Wilson Score interval is less conservative
bgtCI(n=24,y=3,s=7, alternative="less", method="Score")
# the second-order corrected CI is even shorter
# in this situation:
bgtCI(n=24,y=3,s=7, alternative="less", method="SOC")