## Calculates Value/Payoff at expiration per share or unit of the underlying for European Put Buyer and draws its graph in the Plots tab.

### Description

Using the same notation used previously, let ST be the price of the underlying at time T, and exp and X be the exercise price (strike price) of the option. A Put option allows the holder, or long, to receive amount X by allowing the holder to sell the underlying asset at the exercise price. Thus, the holder should exercise the put at expiration if the underlying asset is worth less than the exercise price (ST < X). In that case, the put is said to be in-the-money. If the underlying asset is worth the same as the exercise price (ST = X), meaning the put is at-the-money, or more than the exercise price (ST > X), meaning the put is out-of-the-money, the option holder would not exercise it and it would expire with zero value. Thus, the payoff to the Put Buyer (Holder) is equal to Maximum of (0, X - ST) (Chance, 2019).

### Usage

longPutExpirationValueVT(
ST,
X,
P,
hl = 0,
hu = 1.5,
xlab = "Spot Price ($) at Expiration", ylab = " Value / Payoff [ VT ] at Expiration ($)",
main = "Long Put / Put Buyer [ VT ]"
)


### Arguments

 ST Spot Price at time T. X Strike Price or eXercise price. P Put Premium or Put price. hl lower bound value for setting lower-limit of x-axis displaying spot price. hu upper bound value for setting upper-limit of x-axis displaying spot price. xlab X-axis label. ylab Y-axis label. main Title of the Graph.

### Details

According to conceptual details given by Cohen (2015), and a closed-form solution provided by Kakushadze and Serur (2018), this method is developed, and the given examples are created, to compute Value/Payoff at expiration per share or unit of the underlying for European Put Buyer and draw its graph in the Plots tab. EXAMPLE, Buying HypoTech December 10 put at \$2.00. Here, X is the exercise price (strike price) of the option, ST is the price of the underlying at time T, and P is the price (also called premium) paid by the European Put Buyer to the the Put Seller.

### Value

Returns a graph of the strategy.

### Author(s)

MaheshP Kumar, maheshparamjitkumar@gmail.com

### References

Chance,D.M.(2019). Basics of Derivative Pricing and Valuation. In CFA Program Curriculum 2020 Level I Volumes 1-6. (Vol. 5, pp. 385-453). Wiley Professional Development (P&T). ISBN 9781119593577, https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/books/9781119593577
Cohen, G. (2015). The Bible of Options Strategies (2nd ed.). Pearson Technology Group. https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/books/9780133964448 Kakushadze, Z., & Serur, J. A. (2018, August 17). 151 Trading Strategies. Palgrave Macmillan. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3247865

### Examples

longPutExpirationValueVT(10,10,2)
longPutExpirationValueVT(40,40,3,0.8,1.2)