Bornholm {archdata} | R Documentation |
Female Iron Age Graves, Bornholm, Denmark
Description
Data on the occurrence of 39 different types of ornamentation in 77 female graves at Iron age sites in in Bornholm, Denmark.
Usage
data("Bornholm")
Format
A data frame with 77 observations on the following 42 variables.
Number
Observation Number
Site
Site/Bural Number
Period
Chronological period:
1a
,1b
,2a
,2b
,2c
,3a
, and3b
N2c
count
R3d
count
N2a
count
Q3b
count
R3c
count
N1
count
Q3c
count
O1
count
O2
count
N2e
count
I3
count
R3b
count
K1a
count
Q3a
count
I2
count
K1c
count
K1b
count
H
count
Q3d
count
J1d
count
S1
count
D
count
Q2
count
S3
count
P2
count
P4
count
G3
count
E2a
count
P3
count
R3a
count
R1
count
E2b
count
G2
count
I1b
count
G1
count
F
count
P1
count
I1a
count
A2e
count
Details
Nielsen used data on 39 different types of ornaments from Ørsnes (1966) to seriate a series of 77 Late Germanic Iron Age (CE 550 - 800) graves from Bornholm, Denmark (1988, Table 4 and Figure 7). Baxter re-analyzed the data to illustrate correspondence analysis (1994: 104-107, Table A6). These data were taken from Nielsen's Table 4 showing her seriation. Baxter's version is scrambled in order to evaluate different seriation methods and does not include the ornament types (illustrated in Nielson's Figure 7). The data include Ørsnes's period and subperiod designations (1966).
Source
Baxter, M. J. 1994. Exploratory Multivariate Analysis in Archaeology. Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh.
Nielsen, K. H. 1988. Correspondence Analysis Applied to Hords and Graves of the Germanic Iron Age. In Multivariate Archaeology: Numerical Approaches in Scandinavian Archaeology, edited by Torsten Madsen, pp 37-54. Jutland Archaeological Society Publications XXI. Arahus University Press.
Ørsnes, M. 1966. Form og stil i Sydskandinaviens yngre germanske jernalder. Nationalmuseets skrifter. Arkæologisk-historisk række 11. Copenhagen.
Examples
if (requireNamespace("MASS", quietly = TRUE)) {
data(Bornholm)
Bornholm.ca <- MASS::corresp(Bornholm[, 4:42], nf=2)
plot(Bornholm.ca$rscore, pch=substring(Bornholm$Period, 1, 1), cex=.75)
boxplot(Bornholm.ca$rscore[, 1]~Bornholm$Period, main="First CA Axis by Period")
} else {
cat("This example requires the MASS package.\n")
}