Paivio {WordPools}

Paivio, Yuille & Madigan Word Pool

Description

The Paivio, Yuille & Madigan (1968) word pool contains 925 nouns, together with average ratings of these words on imagery, concreteness and meaningfulness, along with other variables.

Usage

data(Paivio)

Format

A data frame with 925 observations on the following 9 variables.

itmno

item number

word

the word

imagery

imagery rating

concreteness

concreteness rating

meaningfulness

meaningfulness rating

frequency

word frequency, from the Kucera-Francis norms

syl

number of syllables

letters

number of letters

freerecall

Free recall proportion, added from Christian et al (1978)

Details

The freerecall variable has 27 NAs.

Source

Paivio, A., Yuille, J.C. & Madigan S. Concreteness, imagery and meaningfulness for 925 nouns. Journal of Experimental Psychology, Monograph Supplement, 1968, 76, No.1, pt.2.

Christian, J., Bickley, W., Tarka, M., & Clayton, K. (1978). Measures of free recall of 900 English nouns: Correlations with imagery, concreteness, meaningfulness, and frequency. Memory & Cognition, 6, 379-390.

References

Kucera and Francis, W.N. (1967). Computational Analysis of Present-Day American English. Providence: Brown University Press.

Rubin, D. C. & Friendly, M. (1986). Predicting which words get recalled: Measures of free recall, availability, goodness, emotionality, and pronunciability for 925 nouns. Memory and Cognition, 14, 79-94.

Examples

data(Paivio)
summary(Paivio)
plot(Paivio[,c(3:5,9)])

# density plots

plotDensity(Paivio, "imagery")
plotDensity(Paivio, "concreteness")
plotDensity(Paivio, "meaningfulness")
plotDensity(Paivio, "frequency")
plotDensity(Paivio, "syl")
plotDensity(Paivio, "letters")
plotDensity(Paivio, "freerecall")



# find ranges & 5 num summaries
ranges <- as.data.frame(apply(Paivio[,-(1:2)], 2, function(x) range(na.omit(x))))
rownames(ranges) <- c("min", "max")
ranges

P5num <- as.data.frame(apply(Paivio[,3:5], 2, fivenum))
rownames(P5num) <- c("min", "Q1", "med", "Q3", "max")
P5num