Tb_mussel {TrenchR}

Operative Environmental Temperature of a Mussel

Description

The function estimates body temperature (C, operative environmental temperature) of a mussel. The function implements a steady-state model, which assumes unchanging environmental conditions.

Usage

Tb_mussel(l, h, T_a, T_g, S, k_d, u, psi, cl, evap = FALSE, group = "solitary")

Arguments

l

numeric mussel length (anterior/posterior axis, m).

h

numeric mussel height (dorsal/ventral axis, m). It is reasonable to assume h = 0.5 * l.

T_a

numeric air temperature (C).

T_g

numeric ground temperature (C).

S

numeric direct solar flux density (W m^-2).

k_d

numeric diffuse fraction, proportion of solar radiation that is diffuse.

u

numeric wind speed (m s^-1).

psi

numeric solar zenith angle (degrees): can be calculated from zenith_angle.

cl

numeric fraction of the sky covered by cloud.

evap

logical Whether mussel is gaping to evaporatively cool. If TRUE, the function assumes a constant mass loss rate of 5 percent of the initial body mass per hour.

group

character; options are "aggregated": mussels living in beds; "solitary": solitary individual, anterior or posterior end facing upwind; and "solitary_valve": solitary individual, valve facing upwind.

Details

Thermal radiative flux is calculated following Helmuth (1998), Helmuth (1999), and Idso and Jackson (1969).

Value

numeric predicted body (operative environmental) temperature (C).

References

Helmuth B (1999). “Thermal biology of rocky intertidal mussels: quantifying body temperatures using climatological data.” Ecology, 80(1), 15-34. doi: 10.2307/176977.

Helmuth BST (1998). “Intertidal Mussel Microclimates: Predicting the Body Temperature of a Sessile Invertebrate.” Ecological Monographs, 68(1), 51–74. ISSN 00129615, doi: 10.2307/2657143.

Idso SB, Jackson RD (1969). “Thermal radiation from the atmosphere.” Journal of Geophysical Research (1896-1977), 74(23), 5397-5403. doi: 10.1029/JC074i023p05397.

See Also

Other biophysical models: Grashof_number_Gates(), Grashof_number(), Nusselt_from_Grashof(), Nusselt_from_Reynolds(), Nusselt_number(), Prandtl_number(), Qconduction_animal(), Qconduction_substrate(), Qconvection(), Qemitted_thermal_radiation(), Qevaporation(), Qmetabolism_from_mass_temp(), Qmetabolism_from_mass(), Qnet_Gates(), Qradiation_absorbed(), Qthermal_radiation_absorbed(), Reynolds_number(), T_sky(), Tb_CampbellNorman(), Tb_Gates2(), Tb_Gates(), Tb_butterfly(), Tb_grasshopper(), Tb_limpetBH(), Tb_limpet(), Tb_lizard_Fei(), Tb_lizard(), Tb_salamander_humid(), Tb_snail(), Tbed_mussel(), Tsoil(), actual_vapor_pressure(), boundary_layer_resistance(), external_resistance_to_water_vapor_transfer(), free_or_forced_convection(), heat_transfer_coefficient_approximation(), heat_transfer_coefficient_simple(), heat_transfer_coefficient(), saturation_vapor_pressure(), saturation_water_vapor_pressure()

Examples

Tb_mussel(l     = 0.1, 
          h     = 0.05, 
          T_a   = 25, 
          T_g   = 30, 
          S     = 500, 
          k_d   = 0.2, 
          u     = 2, 
          psi   = 30, 
          evap  = FALSE, 
          cl    = 0.5, 
          group = "solitary")