data_NPP {NO.PING.PONG}

data_NPP

Description

A list with variety of example datasets

Usage

data(data_NPP)

Details

A list with the following elements:

Alcohol_Intake is data from a meta-analysis on 36 effect sizes (Hedges g values) for the effect of manipulations of social influences on perceived norms regarding alcohol intake and on reductions in alcohol intake (Prestwich, Kellar, Conner, Lawton, Gardner,& Turgut, 2016, Table 2, p. 850).

Anxiety_Therapy is data from a meta-analysis on 81 effect sizes (Hedges g values) for the pre-post difference between transdiagnostic cognitive behavior therapy and anxiety (Pearl & Norton, 2017, Figure 2, p. 14).

Cannabis_Psychosis is data from a meta-analysis on 38 effect sizes (standardized mean differences) from comparisons of the age at onset of psychosis in cannabis-using groups with the age at onset of psychosis in noncannabis-using groups (Large et al., 2001). The data are from the "eFigure" in the Supplementary Material.

CBT_Autism is data from Weston, Hodgekins, and Langdon (2016), who reported findings from a meta-analysis of 17 studies on the effectiveness of CBT on affective symptoms for people with autistic spectrum disorders (median N = 36). The final effect size, in correlation coefficient metric, was .11.

CBT_Social_Anxiety is data from Kampmanna, Emmelkamp, and Morina (2016, Figure 4), who reported findings from a meta-analysis of 24 studies on internet delivered cognitive behavior therapy (vs. control conditions) for social anxiety disorder (median N = 65). The final effect size, in correlation coefficient metric, was .32.

Ego_Depletion is data from the pre-registered, replication studies for the ego-depletion effect (Hagger et al., 2016). These data were from 23 laboratories (N = 2141).

Hypomanic_BIS is data from Katz, Naftalovich, Matanky, and Yovel (2021), who reported findings from a meta-analysis of 19 studies on hypomanic personality tendencies and behavioral inhibition system sensitivity (median N = 230). The final effect size, in correlation coefficient metric, was -.04.

IAT_Discrimination is data from a meta-analysis on 298 effect sizes (r values) for the association between scores on the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and ethnic and racial discrimination (Oswald, Mitchell, Blanton, Jaccard, & Tetlock (2013).

Many_Labs is a list with summary data for eight pre-registered datasets described by Klein et al. (2014; https://osf.io/wx7ck/). The datasets were from the Many Labs Replication Project. For all eight projects, there were attempts to replicate the original effect across 36 samples (studies), involving over 6,000 participants. The data are for: (1) Sunk Costs (Oppenheimer, Meyvis, & Davidenko, 2009), wherein participants are supposedly more likely to go see their favorite football team play an important game on a freezing cold day if they had paid for the ticket than if the ticket had been free; (2) Anchoring (Jacowitz & Kahneman, 1995), wherein participants subsequent judgments are supposedly affected by anchoring information provided by researchers; (3) Gamblers Fallacy (Oppenheimer & Monin, 2009), wherein the rarity of an independent, chance observation supposedly influences beliefs about what occurred before the event; (4) Quote Attribution (Lorge & Curtiss, 1936), wherein participants opinions are supposedly more influenced by whether they are exposed to the opinions of a highly regarded than a lowly regarded other person; (5) Flag Priming (Carter, Ferguson, & Hassin, 2011; Study 2), wherein subtle exposure to the American flag supposedly increases conservative opinions among US participants; (6) Currency Priming (Caruso, Vohs, Baxter, & Waytz, 2013), wherein mere exposure to money symbols increases participants endorsements of the current social system; (7) Imagined Contact (Husnu & Crisp, 2010; Study 1), wherein merely imagining contact with members of ethnic outgroups is supposedly sufficient to reduce prejudice toward those groups; and (8) Math Attitudes (Nosek, Banaji, & Greenwald, 2002), wherein women supposedly have more negative implicit attitudes toward math compared to arts than do men.

Math_Performance is data from a meta-analysis on 35 effect sizes (r values) for the association between individual differences in non-symbolic number acuity and math performance (Chen & Li, 2014, Table 1, p. 167).

Omega3_Depression is data from a meta-analysis on 12 effect sizes for the role of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of major depression (Grosso et al., 2014, Figure 2, top portion, p. 9).

Paired_Samples is a list with raw data for two variables from 50 random samples, N = 100 each, that were randomly drawn from a population of 100,000 cases in which the difference in mean scores was .50 and the correlation between the two variables was .70.

PopulationR.02 is a list with raw data for two variables from 50 random samples, N = 100 each, that were randomly drawn from a population of 100,000 cases in which the correlation between the two variables was .02. The data are from O'Connor and Ermacora (2021).

PopulationR.10 is a list with raw data for two variables from 50 random samples, N = 100 each, that were randomly drawn from a population of 100,000 cases in which the correlation between the two variables was .10. The data are from O'Connor and Ermacora (2021).

PopulationR.11 is a list with raw data for two variables from 50 random samples, N = 36 each, that were randomly drawn from a population of 100,000 cases in which the correlation between the two variables was .11. The data are from O'Connor and Khattar (2022).

PopulationR.20 is a list with raw data for two variables from 50 random samples, N = 100 each, that were randomly drawn from a population of 100,000 cases in which the correlation between the two variables was .20. The data are from O'Connor and Ermacora (2021).

PopulationR.32 is a list with raw data for two variables from 50 random samples, N = 65 each, that were randomly drawn from a population of 100,000 cases in which the correlation between the two variables was .32. The data are from O'Connor and Khattar (2022).

PopulationR.57 is a list with raw data for two variables from 50 random samples, N = 225 each, that were randomly drawn from a population of 100,000 cases in which the correlation between the two variables was .57. The data are from O'Connor and Khattar (2022).

PopulationR.077 is a list with raw data for two variables from 50 random samples, N = 50 each, that were randomly drawn from a population of 100,000 cases in which the correlation between the two variables was .077. The data are from O'Connor and Khattar (2022).

PopulationRneg.04 is a list with raw data for two variables from 50 random samples, N = 230 each, that were randomly drawn from a population of 100,000 cases in which the correlation between the two variables was -.04. The data are from O'Connor and Khattar (2022).

SelfEsteem_Depression is data from Sowislo and Orth (2013, Table 2), who reported findings from a meta-analysis of 77 longitudinal studies that provided effect sizes for self-esteem predicting future depressive symptoms (median N = 224). The final effect size, in correlation coefficient metric, was .57.

References

Chen, Q., & Li, J. (2014). Association between individual differences in non-symbolic number acuity and math performance: A meta-analysis. Acta Psychologica, 148, 163-172.

Grosso, G., Pajak, A., Marventano, S., Castellano, S., Galvano, F., Bucolo, C., & Caraci, F. (2014). Role of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of depressive disorders: A comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. PLoS ONE, 9(5), e96905.

Hagger, M. S., Chatzisarantis, N. L., Alberts, H. A., Anggono, C. O., Batailler, C. B., Birt, A. R., et al. (2016). A multilab preregistered replication of the ego-depletion effect. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 11(4), 546-573.

Kampmann, I. L., Emmelkamp, P. M. G., & Morina, N. (2016). Meta-analysis of technology-assisted interventions for social anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 42, 7184.

Katz, B. A., Naftalovich, H., Matanky, K., & Yovel, I. (2021). The dual-system theory of bipolar spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 83, Article 101945.

Klein, R. A., et al. (2014). Investigating variation in replicability: A many labs replication project. Social Psychology, 45, 142152.

Large, M., Sharma, S., Compton, M. T., Slade, T., Nielssen, O. (2011). Cannabis use and earlier onset of psychosis: a systematic meta-analysis. Archives of General Psychiatry, 68(6), 555-561.

O'Connor, B. P., & Ermacora, D. (2021). Unnecessary ping-pong: Illustrations of why previous findings should be taken into account when evaluating new datasets. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 53(3), 328-341. https://doi.org/10.1037/cbs0000259

O'Connor, B. P., & Khattar, N. (2022). Controversies regarding null hypothesis testing. In W. O'Donohue, A. Masuda, & S. O. Lilienfeld (Eds.). Avoiding Questionable Research Practices in Applied Psychology (pp. 147-174). Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland.

Oswald, F. L., Mitchell, G., Blanton, H., Jaccard, J., & Tetlock, P. E. (2013). Predicting ethnic and racial discrimination: A meta-analysis of IAT criterion studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 105, 171-192.

Pearl, S. B., & Norton, P. J. (2017). Transdiagnostic versus diagnosis specific cognitive behavioural therapies for anxiety: A meta-analysis. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 46, 11-24.

Prestwich, A., Kellar, I., Conner, M., Lawton, R., Gardner, P., & Turgut, L. (2016). Does changing social influence engender changes in alcohol intake? A meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 84, 845-860.

Sowislo, J. F., & Orth, U. (2013). Does low self-esteem predict depression and anxiety? A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychological Bulletin, 139(1), 213240. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028931

Weston, L., Hodgekins, J., & Langdon, P. E. (2016). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy with people who have autistic spectrum disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 49, 4154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.08.001

Examples

names(data_NPP)
 
head(data_NPP$Alcohol_Intake)

head(data_NPP$Anxiety_Therapy)

head(data_NPP$Cannabis_Psychosis)

head(data_NPP$CBT_Autism)

head(data_NPP$CBT_Social_Anxiety)

head(data_NPP$Ego_Depletion)

head(data_NPP$Hypomanic_BIS)

head(data_NPP$IAT_Discrimination)

head(data_NPP$Many_Labs)

head(data_NPP$Math_Performance)

head(data_NPP$Omega3_Depression)

head(data_NPP$Paired_Samples)

head(data_NPP$PopulationR.02)

head(data_NPP$PopulationR.10)

head(data_NPP$PopulationR.11)

head(data_NPP$PopulationR.20)

head(data_NPP$PopulationR.32)

head(data_NPP$PopulationR.57)

head(data_NPP$PopulationR.077)

head(data_NPP$PopulationRneg.04)

head(data_NPP$SelfEsteem_Depression)