NO.PING.PONG-package {NO.PING.PONG}

NO.PING.PONG

Description

This package contains two functions, NO.PING.PONG and PLOT_NO.PING.PONG, for revealing what happens when effect size estimates from previous studies are taken into account when evaluating each new dataset in a study sequence. The analyses can be conducted for cumulative meta-analyses and for Bayesian data analyses. The findings from these methods can be contrasted with those from null hypothesis statistical sigificance testing, which does not take previous findings into account.

The package contains sample data for a wide selection of research topics that can be used to illustrate why previous findings should be taken into account when attempting to reach a conclusion about an effect when evaluating a new dataset. Jointly considering previous findings along with new data is more likely to result in correct conclusions than does the traditional practice of not incorporating previous findings and which often results in a back and forth ping-pong of conclusions when evaluating a sequence of studies.

References

O'Connor, B. P., & Ermacora, D. (2021). Unnecessary ping-pong: Illustrations of why previous findings should be taken into account when evaluating new datasets. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 53(3), 328-341. https://doi.org/10.1037/cbs0000259

O'Connor, B. P., & Khattar, N. (2022). Controversies regarding null hypothesis testing. In W. O'Donohue, A. Masuda, & S. O. Lilienfeld (Eds.). Avoiding Questionable Research Practices in Applied Psychology (pp. 147-174). Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland.