k.read.base {LakeMetabolizer}

Returns a timeseries of gas exchange velocity

Description

Returns the gas exchange velocity based on the chosen model in units of m/day

Usage

k.cole.base(wnd)

k.crusius.base(wnd, method='power')

k.read.base(wnd.z, Kd, lat, lake.area, atm.press, dateTime, Ts, z.aml,
airT, wnd, RH, sw, lwnet)

k.read.soloviev.base(wnd.z, Kd, lat, lake.area, atm.press, dateTime, Ts, z.aml,
airT, wnd, RH, sw, lwnet)

k.macIntyre.base(wnd.z, Kd, atm.press, dateTime, Ts, z.aml, airT, wnd, RH, sw,
lwnet, params=c(1.2,0.4872,1.4784))

k.vachon.base(wnd, lake.area, params=c(2.51,1.48,0.39))

k.heiskanen.base(wnd.z, Kd, atm.press, dateTime, Ts, z.aml, airT, wnd, RH, sw, lwnet)

Arguments

wnd.z

Height of wind measurement, (Units: m)

Kd

Light attenuation coefficient (Units: m^-1)

lat

Latitude, degrees north

lake.area

Lake area, m^2

atm.press

Atmospheric pressure, (Units: millibar)

dateTime

datetime (Y-%m-%d %H:%M), (Format: POSIXct)

Ts

Numeric vector of surface water temperature, (Units(deg C)

z.aml

Numeric vector of actively mixed layer depths. Must be the same length as the Ts parameter

airT

Numeric value of air temperature, Units(deg C)

wnd

Numeric value of wind speed, (Units:m/s)

RH

Numeric value of relative humidity, %

sw

Numeric value of short wave radiation, W m^-2

lwnet

Numeric value net long wave radiation, W m^-2

method

Only for k.crusius.base. String of valid method . Either "constant", "bilinear", or "power"

params

Optional parameter input, only for k.vachon.base and k.macIntyre.base. See details.

Details

Can change default parameters of MacIntyre and Vachon models. Default for Vachon is c(2.51,1.48,0.39). Default for MacIntyre is c(1.2,0.4872,1.4784). Heiskanen et al. (2014) uses MacIntyre model with c(0.5,0.77,0.3) and z.aml constant at 0.15.

Value

Numeric value of gas exchange velocity (k600) in units of m/day. Before use, should be converted to appropriate gas using k600.2.kGAS.

Author(s)

R. Iestyn. Woolway, Hilary Dugan, Luke Winslow, Jordan S Read, GLEON fellows

References

Cole, J., J. Nina, and F. Caraco. Atmospheric exchange of carbon dioxide in a low-wind oligotrophic lake measured by the addition of SF~ 6. Limnology and Oceanography 43 (1998): 647-656.

MacIntyre, Sally, Anders Jonsson, Mats Jansson, Jan Aberg, Damon E. Turney, and Scott D. Miller. Buoyancy flux, turbulence, and the gas transfer coefficient in a stratified lake. Geophysical Research Letters 37, no. 24 (2010).

Read, Jordan S., David P. Hamilton, Ankur R. Desai, Kevin C. Rose, Sally MacIntyre, John D. Lenters, Robyn L. Smyth et al. Lake-size dependency of wind shear and convection as controls on gas exchange. Geophysical Research Letters 39, no. 9 (2012).

Crusius, John, and Rik Wanninkhof. Gas transfer velocities measured at low wind speed over a lake. Limnology and Oceanography 48, no. 3 (2003): 1010-1017.

Dominic Vachon and Yves T. Prairie. The ecosystem size and shape dependence of gas transfer velocity versus wind speed relationships in lakes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 70 (2013): 1757-1764.

Jouni J. Heiskanen, Ivan Mammarella, Sami Haapanala, Jukka Pumpanen, Timo Vesala, Sally MacIntyre Anne Ojala. Effects of cooling and internal wave motions on gas transfer coefficients in a boreal lake. Tellus B 66, no.22827 (2014)

Alexander Soloviev, Mark Donelan, Hans Graber, Brian Haus, Peter Schlussel. An approach to estimation of near-surface turbulence and CO2 transfer velocity from remote sensing data. Journal of Marine Systems 66, (2007): 182-194.

See Also

k.cole k.read k.crusius k.macIntyre k.vachon k.heiskanen

Examples

wnd.z <- 2
Kd <- 2
lat <- 54
lake.area <- 5000
atm.press <- 1013
dateTime <- as.POSIXct("2013-12-30 14:00")
Ts <- 16.5
z.aml <- 2.32
airT <- 20
wnd <- 6
RH <- 90
sw <- 800
lwnet <- -55
timeStep <- 30

U10 <- wind.scale.base(wnd, wnd.z)

k600_cole <- k.cole.base(U10)

k600_crusius <- k.crusius.base(U10)

k600_read <- k.read.base(wnd.z, Kd, lat, lake.area, atm.press,
dateTime, Ts, z.aml, airT, wnd, RH, sw, lwnet)

k600_soloviev <- k.read.soloviev.base(wnd.z, Kd, lat, lake.area,
atm.press, dateTime, Ts, z.aml, airT, wnd, RH, sw, lwnet)

k600_macInytre <- k.macIntyre.base(wnd.z, Kd, atm.press,
dateTime, Ts, z.aml, airT, wnd, RH, sw, lwnet)