DescTools-package {DescTools}

Tools for Descriptive Statistics and Exploratory Data Analysis

Description

DescTools is an extensive collection of miscellaneous basic statistics functions and comfort wrappers not available in the R basic system for efficient description of data. The author's intention was to create a toolbox, which facilitates the (notoriously time consuming) first descriptive tasks in data analysis, consisting of calculating descriptive statistics, drawing graphical summaries and reporting the results. Special attention was paid to the integration of various approaches to the calculation of confidence intervals. For most basic statistics functions, variants are included that allow the use of weights. The package contains furthermore functions to produce documents using MS Word (or PowerPoint) and functions to import data from Excel.
A considerable part of the included functions can be found scattered in other packages and other sources written partly by Titans of R. The reason for collecting them here, was primarily to have them consolidated in ONE instead of dozens of packages (which themselves might depend on other packages which are not needed at all), and to provide a common and consistent interface as far as function and arguments naming, NA handling, recycling rules etc. are concerned. Google style guides were used as naming rules (in absence of convincing alternatives). The 'CamelStyle' was consequently applied to functions borrowed from contributed R packages as well.

Feedback, feature requests, bugreports and other suggestions are welcome! Please report problems to Stack Overflow using tag [desctools] or directly to the maintainer.

Details

A grouped list of the functions:

Operators, calculus, transformations:
%()%	Between operators determine if a value lies within a range [a,b]
%)(%	Outside operators: %)(%, %](%, %)[%, %][%
%nin%	"not in" operator
%overlaps%	Do two collections have common elements?
%like%, %like any%	Simple operator to search for a specified pattern
%^%	Powers of matrices
Interval	The number of days of the overlapping part
	of two date periods
AUC	Area under the curve
Primes	Find all primes less than n
Factorize	Prime factorization of integers
Divisors	All divisors of an integer
GCD	Greatest common divisor
LCM	Least common multiple
Permn	Determine all possible permutations of a set
Fibonacci	Generates single Fibonacci numbers or a Fibonacci sequence
DigitSum	Digit sum of a number
Frac	Return the fractional part of a numeric value
Ndec	Count decimal places of a number
MaxDigits	Maximum used digits for a vector of numbers
Prec	Precision of a number
BoxCox, BoxCoxInv	Box Cox transformation and its inverse transformation
BoxCoxLambda	Return the optimal lambda for a BoxCox transformation
LogSt, LogStInv	Calculate started logarithmic transformation and it's inverse
Logit, LogitInv	Generalized logit and inverse logit function
LinScale	Simple linear scaling of a vector x
Winsorize	Data cleaning by winsorization
Trim	Trim data by omitting outlying observations
CutQ	Cut a numeric variable into quartiles or other quantiles
Recode	Recode a factor with altered levels
Rename	Change name(s) of a named object
Sort	Sort extension for matrices and data.frames
SortMixed, OrderMixed	Mixed sort order
Rank	Calculate ranks including dense type for ties
PercentRank	Calculate the percent rank
RoundTo	Round to a multiple
Large, Small	Returns the kth largest, resp. smallest values
HighLow	Combines Large and Small.
Rev	Reverses the order of rows and/or columns of a matrix or a data.frame
Untable	Recreates original list based on a n-dimensional frequency table
CollapseTable	Collapse some rows/columns in a table.
Dummy	Generate dummy codes for a factor
FisherZ, FisherZInv	Fisher's z-transformation and its inverse
Midx	Calculate sequentially the midpoints of the elements of a vector
Unwhich	Inverse function to which, create a logical vector/matrix from indices
Vigenere	Implements a Vigenere cypher, both encryption and decryption
BinTree, PlotBinTree	Create and plot a binary tree structure with a given length
Information and manipulation functions:
AllDuplicated	Find all values involved in ties
Closest	Return the value in a vector being closest to a given one
Coalesce	Return the first value in a vector not being NA
ZeroIfNA, NAIfZero	Replace NAs by 0, resp. vice versa
Impute	Replace NAs by the median or another value
LOCF	Imputation of datapoints following the "last observation
	carried forward" rule
CombN	Returns the number of subsets out of a list of elements
CombSet	Generates all possible subsets out of a list of elements
CombPairs	Generates all pairs out of one or two sets of elements
SampleTwins	Create sample using stratifying groups
RndPairs	Create pairs of correlated random numbers
RndWord	Produce random combinations of characters
IsNumeric	Check a vector for being numeric, zero Or a whole number
IsWhole	Is x a whole number?
IsDichotomous	Check if x contains exactly 2 values
IsOdd	Is x even or odd?
IsPrime	Is x a prime number?
IsZero	Is numeric(x) == 0, say x < machine.eps?
IsEuclid	Check if a distance matrix is euclidean
Label, Unit	Get or set the label, resp. unit, attribute of an object
Abind	Bind matrices to n-dimensional arrays
Append	Append elements to several classes of objects
VecRot, VecShift	Shift the elements of a vector in a circular mode to the right
	or to the left by n characters.
Clockwise	Transform angles from counter clock into clockwise mode
split.formula	A formula interface for the base function split
reorder.factor	Reorder the levels of a factor
ToLong, ToWide	Simple reshaping of a vector
SetNames	Set the names, rownames or columnnames in an object and return it
Some	Return some randomly chosen elements of an object
SplitAt	Split a vector into several pieces at given positions
SplitToCol	Splits the columns of a data frame using a split character
SplitPath	Split a path string in drive, path, filename
Str	Compactly display the structure of any R object
TextToTable	Converts a string to a table
String functions:
StrCountW	Count the words in a string
StrTrim	Delete white spaces from a string
StrTrunc	Truncate string on a given length and add ellipses if it really
	was truncated
StrLeft, StrRight	Returns the left/right part or the a string.
StrAlign	Align strings to the left/right/center or to a given character
StrAbbr	Abbreviates a string
StrCap	Capitalize the first letter of a string
StrPad	Fill a string with defined characters to fit a given length
StrRev	Reverse a string
StrChop	Split a string by a fixed number of characters.
StrExtract	Extract a part of a string, defined as regular expression.
StrVal	Extract numeric values from a string
StrIsNumeric	Check whether a string does only contain numeric data
StrPos	Find position of first occurrence of a string in another one
StrDist	Compute Levenshtein or Hamming distance between strings
FixToTable	Create table out of a running text, by using columns of spaces as delimiter
Conversion functions:
AscToChar, CharToAsc	Converts ASCII codes to characters and vice versa
DecToBin, BinToDec	Converts numbers from binmode to decimal and vice versa
DecToHex, HexToDec	Converts numbers from hexmode to decimal and vice versa
DecToOct, OctToDec	Converts numbers from octmode to decimal and vice versa
DegToRad, RadToDeg	Convert degrees to radians and vice versa
CartToPol, PolToCart	Transform cartesian to polar coordinates and vice versa
CartToSph, SphToCart	Transform cartesian to spherical coordinates and vice versa
RomanToInt	Convert roman numerals to integers
RgbToLong, LongToRgb	Convert a rgb color to a long number and vice versa
ColToGray, ColToGrey	Convert colors to gcrey/grayscale
ColToHex, HexToCol	Convert a color into hex string
HexToRgb	Convert a hexnumber to an RGB-color
ColToHsv	R color to HSV conversion
ColToRgb, RgbToCol	Color to RGB conversion and back
ConvUnit	Return the most common unit conversions
Colors:
SetAlpha	Add transperancy (alpha channel) to a color.
ColorLegend	Add a color legend to a plot
FindColor	Get color on a defined color range
MixColor	Get the mix of two colors
TextContrastColor	Choose textcolor depending on background color
Pal	Some custom color palettes
Plots (low level):
Canvas	Canvas for geometric plotting
Mar	Set margins more comfortably.
Asp	Return aspect ratio of the current plot
LineToUser	Convert line coordinates to user coordinates
lines.loess	Add a loess smoother and its CIs to an existing plot
lines.lm	Add the prediction of linear model and its CIs to a plot
lines.smooth.spline	Add the prediction of a smooth.spline and its CIs to a plot
BubbleLegend	Add a legend for bubbles to a bubble plot
TitleRect	Add a main title to a plot surrounded by a rectangular box
BarText	Add the value labels to a barplot
ErrBars	Add horizontal or vertical error bars to an existing plot
DrawArc, DrawRegPolygon	Draw elliptic, circular arc(s) or regular polygon(s)
DrawCircle, DrawEllipse	Draw a circle, a circle annulus or a sector or an annulus
DrawBezier	Draw a Bezier curve
DrawBand	Draw confidence band
BoxedText	Add text surrounded by a box to a plot
Rotate	Rotate a geometric structure
SpreadOut	Spread out a vector of numbers so that there is a minimum
	interval between any two elements. This can be used
	to place textlabels in a plot so that they do not overlap.
IdentifyA	Helps identifying all the points in a specific area.
identify.formula	Formula interface for identify.
PtInPoly	Identify all the points within a polygon.
ConnLines	Calculate and insert connecting lines in a barplot
AxisBreak	Place a break mark on an axis
Shade	Produce a shaded curve
Stamp	Stamp the current plot with Date/Time/Directory or any other expression
Plots (high level):
PlotACF, PlotGACF	Create a combined plot of a time series including its
	autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation
PlotMonth	Plot seasonal effects of a univariate time series
PlotArea	Create an area plot
PlotBag	Create a two-dimensional boxplot
PlotBagPairs	Produce pairwise 2-dimensional boxplots (bagplot)
PlotBubble	Draw a bubble plot
PlotCandlestick	Plot candlestick chart
PlotCirc	Create a circular plot
PlotCorr	Plot a correlation matrix
PlotDot	Plot a dotchart with confidence intervals
PlotFaces	Produce a plot of Chernoff faces
PlotFdist	Frequency distribution plot, combination of histogram,
	boxplot and ecdf.plot
PlotMarDens	Scatterplot with marginal densities
PlotMultiDens	Plot multiple density curves
PlotPolar	Plot values on a circular grid
PlotFun	Plot mathematical expression or a function
PolarGrid	Plot a grid in polar coordinates
PlotPyramid	Pyramid plot (back-back histogram)
PlotTreemap	Plot of a treemap.
PlotVenn	Plot a Venn diagram
PlotViolin	Plot violins instead of boxplots
PlotQQ	QQ-plot for an optional distribution
PlotWeb	Create a web plot
PlotTernary	Create a triangle or ternary plot
PlotMiss	Plot missing values
PlotECDF	Plot empirical cumulative distribution function
PlotLinesA	Plot the columns of one matrix against the columns of another
PlotLog	Create a plot with logarithmic axis and log grid
PlotMosaic	Plots a mosaic describing a contingency table in array form
Distributions:
_Benf	Benford distribution, including qBenf, dBenf, rBenf
_ExtrVal	Extreme value distribution (dExtrVal)
_Frechet	Frechet distribution (dFrechet)
_GenExtrVal	Generalized Extreme Value Distribution (dGenExtrVal)
_GenPareto	Generalized Pareto Distribution (dGenPareto)
_Gompertz	Gompertz distribution (dGompertz)
_Gumbel	Gumbel distribution (dGumbel)
_NegWeibull	Negative Weibull distribution (dNegWeibull)
_Order	Distributions of Order Statistics (dOrder)
_RevGumbel	Reverse Gumbel distribution (dRevGumbel),
_RevGumbelExp	Expontial reverse Gumbel distribution (quantile only)
_RevWeibull	Reverse Weibull distribution (dRevWeibull)
Statistics:
Freq	Univariate frequency table
PercTable	Bivariate percentage table
Margins	(Extended) margin tables of a table
ExpFreq	Expected frequencies of a n-dimensional table
Mode	Mode, the most frequent value (including frequency)
Gmean, Gsd	Geometric mean and geometric standard deviation
Hmean	Harmonic Mean
Median	Extended median function supporting weights and ordered factors
HuberM, TukeyBiweight	Huber M-estimator of location and Tukey's biweight robust mean
HodgesLehmann	the Hodges-Lehmann estimator
HoeffD	Hoeffding's D statistic
MeanSE	Standard error of mean
MeanCI, MedianCI	Confidence interval for the mean and median
MeanDiffCI	Confidence interval for the difference of two means
MoveAvg	Moving average
MeanAD	Mean absolute deviation
VarCI	Confidence interval for the variance
CoefVar	Coefficient of variation and its confidence interval
RobScale	Robust data standardization
Range	(Robust) range
BinomCI, MultinomCI	Confidence intervals for binomial and multinomial proportions
BinomDiffCI	Calculate confidence interval for a risk difference
BinomRatioCI	Calculate confidence interval for the ratio of binomial proportions.
PoissonCI	Confidence interval for a Poisson lambda
Skew, Kurt	Skewness and kurtosis
YuleQ, YuleY	Yule's Q and Yule's Y
TschuprowT	Tschuprow's T
Phi, ContCoef, CramerV	Phi, Pearson's Contingency Coefficient and Cramer's V
GoodmanKruskalGamma	Goodman Kruskal's gamma
KendallTauA	Kendall's tau-a
KendallTauB	Kendall's tau-b
StuartTauC	Stuart's tau-c
SomersDelta	Somers' delta
Lambda	Goodman Kruskal's lambda
GoodmanKruskalTau	Goodman Kruskal's tau
UncertCoef	Uncertainty coefficient
Entropy, MutInf	Shannon's entropy, mutual information
DivCoef, DivCoefMax	Rao's diversity coefficient ("quadratic entropy")
TheilU	Theil's U1 and U2 coefficient
Assocs	Combines the association measures above.
OddsRatio, RelRisk	Odds ratio and relative risk
ORToRelRisk	Transform odds ratio to relative risk
CohenKappa, KappaM	Cohen's Kappa, weighted Kappa and Kappa for
	more than 2 raters
CronbachAlpha	Cronbach's alpha
ICC	Intraclass correlations
KrippAlpha	Return Kripp's alpha coefficient
KendallW	Compute the Kendall coefficient of concordance
Lc	Calculate and plot Lorenz curve
Gini, Atkinson	Gini- and Atkinson coefficient
Herfindahl, Rosenbluth	Herfindahl- and Rosenbluth coefficient
GiniSimpson	Compute Gini-Simpson Coefficient
CorCI	Confidence interval for Pearson's correlation coefficient
CorPart	Find the correlations for a set x of variables with set y removed
CorPolychor	Polychoric correlation coefficient
SpearmanRho	Spearman rank correlation and its confidence intervals
ConDisPairs	Return concordant and discordant pairs of two vectors
FindCorr	Determine highly correlated variables
CohenD	Cohen's Effect Size
EtaSq	Effect size calculations for ANOVAs
Contrasts	Generate pairwise contrasts for using in a post-hoc test
Strata	Stratified sampling with equal/unequal probabilities
Outlier	Outliers following Tukey's boxplot definition
LOF	Local outlier factor
BrierScore	Brier score, assessing the quality of predictions of binary events
Cstat	C statistic, equivalent to the area under the ROC curve)
CCC	Lin's concordance correlation coef for agreement on a continuous measure
MAE	Mean absolute error
MAPE, SMAPE	Mean absolute and symmetric mean absolute percentage error
MSE, RMSE	Mean squared error and root mean squared error
NMAE, NMSE	Normalized mean absolute and mean squared error
Conf	Confusion matrix, a cross-tabulation of observed and predicted classes
	with associated statistics
Sens, Spec	Sensitivity and specificity
PseudoR2	Variants of pseudo R squared statistics: McFadden, Aldrich-Nelson,
	Nagelkerke, CoxSnell, Effron, McKelvey-Zavoina, Tjur
Mean, SD, Var, IQRw	Variants of base statistics, allowing to define weights: Mean,
Quantile, MAD, Cor	standard deviation, variance, quantile, mad, correlation
VIF, StdCoef	Variance inflation factors and standardised coefficents for linear models
Tests:
SignTest	Signtest to test whether two groups are equally sized
ZTest	Z--test for known population variance
TTestA	Student's t-test based on sample statistics
JonckheereTerpstraTest	Jonckheere-Terpstra trend test for medians
PageTest	Page test for ordered alternatives
CochranQTest	Cochran's Q-test to find differences in matched sets
	of three or more frequencies or proportions.
VarTest	ChiSquare test for one variance and F test for two variances
SiegelTukeyTest	Siegel-Tukey test for equality in variability
SiegelTukeyRank	Calculate Siegel-Tukey's ranks (auxiliary function)
LeveneTest	Levene's test for homogeneity of variance
MosesTest	Moses Test of extreme reactions
RunsTest	Runs test for detecting non-randomness
DurbinWatsonTest	Durbin-Watson test for autocorrelation
BartelsRankTest	Bartels rank test for randomness
JarqueBeraTest	Jarque-Bera Test for normality
AndersonDarlingTest	Anderson-Darling test for normality
CramerVonMisesTest	Cramer-von Mises test for normality
LillieTest	Lilliefors (Kolmogorov-Smirnov) test for normality
PearsonTest	Pearson chi-square test for normality
ShapiroFranciaTest	Shapiro-Francia test for normality
MHChisqTest	Mantel-Haenszel Chisquare test
StuartMaxwellTest	Stuart-Maxwell marginal homogeneity test
LehmacherTest	Lehmacher marginal homogeneity test
CochranArmitageTest	Cochran-Armitage test for trend in binomial proportions
BreslowDayTest, WoolfTest	Test for homogeneity on 2x2xk tables over strata
PostHocTest	Post hoc tests by Scheffe, LSD, Tukey for a aov-object
ScheffeTest	Multiple comparisons Scheffe test
DunnTest	Dunn's test of multiple comparisons
DunnettTest	Dunnett's test of multiple comparisons
ConoverTest	Conover's test of multiple comparisons (following a kruskal test)
NemenyiTest	Nemenyi's test of multiple comparisons
HotellingsT2Test	Hotelling's T2 test for the one and two sample case
YuenTTest	Yuen's robust t-Test with trimmed means and winsorized variances
BarnardTest	Barnard's test for 2x2 tables
BreuschGodfreyTest	Breusch-Godfrey test for higher-order serial correlation.
GTest	Chi-squared contingency table test and goodness-of-fit test
HosmerLemeshowTest	Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit tests
VonNeumannTest	Von Neumann's successive difference test
Date functions:
day.name, day.abb	Defined names of the days
AddMonths	Add a number of months to a given date
IsDate	Check whether x is a date object
IsWeekend	Check whether x falls on a weekend
IsLeapYear	Check whether x is a leap year
LastDayOfMonth	Return the last day of the month of the date x
DiffDays360	Calculate the difference of two dates using the 360-days system
Date	Create a date from numeric representation of year, month, day
Day, Month, Year	Extract part of a date
Hour, Minute, Second	Extract part of time
Week, Weekday	Returns ISO week and weekday of a date
Quarter	Quarter of a date
Timezone	Timezone of a POSIXct/POSIXlt date
YearDay, YearMonth	The day in the year of a date
Now, Today	Get current date or date-time
HmsToSec, SecToHms	Convert h:m:s times to seconds and vice versa
Overlap	Determine if and how extensively two date ranges overlap
Zodiac	The zodiac sign of a date :-)
Finance functions:
OPR	One period returns (simple and log returns)
NPV	Net present value
NPVFixBond	Net present value for fix bonds
IRR	Internal rate of return
YTM	Return yield to maturity for a bond
SLN, DB, SYD	Several methods of depreciation of an asset
GUI-Helpers:
PasswordDlg	Display a dialog containing an edit field, showing only ***.
Reporting, InOut:
CatTable	Print a table with the option to have controlled linebreaks
Format, Fmt	Easy format for numbers and dates
Desc	Produce a rich description of an object
Abstract	Display compact overview of the structure of a data frame
TMod	Create comparison table for (general) linear models
TOne	Create "Table One"" describing baseline characteristics
GetNewWrd, GetNewXL, GetNewPP	Create a new Word, Excel or PowerPoint Instance
GetCurrWrd, GetCurrXL, GetCurrPP	Get a handle to a running Word, Excel or PowerPoint instance
WrdKill, XLKill	Ends a (possibly hidden) Word/Excel process
IsValidHwnd	Check if the handle to a MS Office application is valid or outdated
WrdCaption	Insert a title in Word
WrdFont	Get and set the font for the current selection in Word
WrdParagraphFormat	Get and set the paragraph format
WrdTable	Create a table in Word
WrdCellRange	Select a cell range of a table in Word
WrdMergeCells	Merge cells of a table in Word
WrdFormatCells	Format selected cells of a table in word
WrdTableBorders	Set or edit table border style of a table in Word
ToWrd, ToXL	Mord flexible wrapper to send diverse objects to Word, resp. Excel
WrdPlot	Insert the active plot to Word
WrdInsertBookmark	Insert a new bookmark in a Word document
WrdDeleteBookmark	Delete an existing bookmark in a Word document
WrdGoto	Place cursor to a specific bookmark, or another text position.
WrdUpdateBookmark	Update the text of a bookmark's range
WrdSaveAs	Saves documents in Word
WrdStyle	Get and set the style of a paragraph in Word
XLDateToPOSIXct	Convert XL-Date format to POSIXct format
XLGetRange	Get the values of one or several cell range(s) in Excel
XLGetWorkbook	Get the values of all sheets of an Excel workbook
XLView	Use Excel as viewer for a data.frame
PpPlot	Insert active plot to PowerPoint
PpAddSlide	Adds a slide to a PowerPoint presentation
PpText	Adds a textbox with text to a PP-presentation
ParseSASDatalines	Parse a SAS "datalines" statement to read data
Tools:
PairApply	Helper for calculating functions pairwise
LsFct, LsObj	List the functions (or the data, all objects) of a package
FctArgs	Retrieve the arguments of a functions
InDots	Check if an argument is contained in ... argument and return it's value
ParseFormula	Parse a formula and return the splitted parts of if
Recycle	Recycle a list of elements to the maximal found dimension
Keywords	Get the keywords of a man page
SysInfo	Get some more information about system and environment
DescToolsOptions	Get the DescTools specific options
PDFManual	Get the pdf-manual of any package on CRAN and open it
Data:
d.pizza	Synthetic dataset created for testing the description
d.whisky	of Scotch Single Malts
Reference Data:
d.units, d.prefix	Unit conversion factors and metric prefixes
d.periodic	Periodic table of elements
d.countries	ISO 3166-1 country codes
roulette, cards, tarot	Datasets for probabilistic simulation

Warning

This package is still under development. Although the code seems meanwhile quite stable, until release of version 1.0 (which is expected in hmm: near future?) you should be aware that everything in the package might be subject to change. Backward compatibility is not yet guaranteed. Functions may be deleted or renamed and new syntax may be inconsistent with earlier versions. By release of version 1.0 the "deprecated-defunct process" will be installed.

MS-Office

To make use of MS-Office features you must have Office in one of its variants installed, as well as the package RDCOMClient. This package uses the COM interface to control the Office applications. There is no direct equivalent to COM interface for Mac or Linux, hence the use of these functions is restricted to Windows systems. All Wrd*, XL* and Pp* functions require this basis to run.

RDCOMClient can be installed with:

install.packages("RDCOMClient", repos="http://www.omegahat.net/R")

The omegahat repository does not benefit from the same update service as CRAN. So you may be forced to install a package compiled with an earlier version, which usually is no problem. For R 4.2 you can use:

url <- "http://www.omegahat.net/R/bin/windows/contrib/4.2/RDCOMClient_0.96-1.zip"
install.packages(url, repos=NULL, type="binary")

RDCOMClient does not exist for Mac or Linux, sorry.

Author(s)

Andri Signorell
Helsana Versicherungen AG, Health Sciences, Zurich
HWZ University of Applied Sciences in Business Administration Zurich.

R is a community project. This can also be seen in this package, which contains R source code and/or documentation previously published elsewhere by (in alphabetical order):

Ken Aho, Andreas Alfons, Nanina Anderegg, Tomas Aragon, Antti Arppe, Adrian Baddeley, Kamil Barton, Ben Bolker, Hans W. Borchers, Frederico Caeiro, Stephane Champely, Daniel Chessel, Leanne Chhay, Clint Cummins, Michael Dewey, Harold C. Doran, Stephane Dray, Charles Dupont, Dirk Eddelbuettel, Jeff Enos, Claus Ekstrom, Martin Elff, Kamil Erguler, Richard W. Farebrother, John Fox, Romain Francois, Michael Friendly, Tal Galili, Matthias Gamer, Joseph L. Gastwirth, Yulia R. Gel, Juergen Gross, Gabor Grothendieck, Frank E. Harrell Jr, Richard Heiberger, Michael Hoehle, Christian W. Hoffmann, Soeren Hojsgaard, Torsten Hothorn, Markus Huerzeler, Wallace W. Hui, Pete Hurd, Rob J. Hyndman, Pablo J. Villacorta Iglesias, Christopher Jackson, Matthias Kohl, Mikko Korpela, Max Kuhn, Detlew Labes, Duncan Temple Lang, Friederich Leisch, Jim Lemon, Dong Li, Martin Maechler, Arni Magnusson, Daniel Malter, George Marsaglia, John Marsaglia, Alina Matei, David Meyer, Weiwen Miao, Giovanni Millo, Yongyi Min, David Mitchell, Franziska Mueller, Markus Naepflin, Danielle Navarro, Henric Nilsson, Klaus Nordhausen, Derek Ogle, Hong Ooi, Nick Parsons, Sandrine Pavoine, Tony Plate, Roland Rapold, William Revelle, Tyler Rinker, Brian D. Ripley, Caroline Rodriguez, Nathan Russell, Nick Sabbe, Venkatraman E. Seshan, Greg Snow, Michael Smithson, Karline Soetaert, Werner A. Stahel, Alec Stephenson, Mark Stevenson, Matthias Templ, Terry Therneau, Yves Tille, Adrian Trapletti, Joshua Ulrich, Kevin Ushey, Jeremy VanDerWal, Bill Venables, John Verzani, Gregory R. Warnes, Stefan Wellek, Hadley Wickham, Rand R. Wilcox, Peter Wolf, Daniel Wollschlaeger, Thomas Yee, Achim Zeileis

Special thanks go to Beat Bruengger, Mathias Frueh, Daniel Wollschlaeger, Vilmantas Gegzna for their valuable contributions and testing.

The good things come from all these guys, any problems are likely due to my tweaking. Thank you all!

Maintainer: Andri Signorell <[e-mail]>

Examples

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# There are no examples defined here. But see the demos:
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# demo(describe)
# demo(plots))
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