d_2 {CC}

range factors

Description

The sample range R is a biased estimator for the population standard deviation. For a normally distributed sample of size n, R/d2(n) is unbiased.

Usage

d_2(n)

Arguments

n

the sample size

Value

a numeric value representing the multiplier to render R unbiased

Author(s)

W.J. Braun

References

Montgomery, D.C. (2000) Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, Wiley

See Also

d_3

Examples

x <- rnorm(10, sd = 3)
R <- diff(range(x))
R/d_2(10)   # expected value of this is 3