AnnivDates {BondValuation}R Documentation

AnnivDates (time-invariant properties and temporal structure)

Description

AnnivDates returns a bond's time-invariant characteristics and temporal structure as a list of three or four named data frames.

Usage

AnnivDates(
  Em = as.Date(NA),
  Mat = as.Date(NA),
  CpY = as.numeric(NA),
  FIPD = as.Date(NA),
  LIPD = as.Date(NA),
  FIAD = as.Date(NA),
  RV = as.numeric(NA),
  Coup = as.numeric(NA),
  DCC = as.numeric(NA),
  EOM = as.numeric(NA),
  DateOrigin = as.Date("1970-01-01"),
  InputCheck = 1,
  FindEOM = FALSE,
  RegCF.equal = 0
)

Arguments

Em

The bond's issue date. (required)

Mat

Maturity date, i.e. date on which the redemption value and the final interest are paid. (required)

CpY

Number of interest payments per year (non-negative integer; element of the set {0,1,2,3,4,6,12}. Default: 2.

FIPD

First interest payment date after Em.

LIPD

Last interest payment date prior to Mat.

FIAD

Date on which the interest accrual starts (so-called "dated date").

RV

The redemption value of the bond. Default: 100.

Coup

Nominal interest rate per year in percent. Default: NA.

DCC

The day count convention the bond follows. Default: NA. For a list of day count conventions currently implemented type View(List.DCC).

EOM

Boolean indicating whether the bond follows the End-of-Month rule. Default: NA.

DateOrigin

Determines the starting point for the daycount in "Date" objects. Default: "1970-01-01".

InputCheck

If 1, the input variables are checked for the correct format. Default: 1.

FindEOM

If TRUE, EOM is overridden by the value inferred from the data. Default: FALSE.

RegCF.equal

If 0, the amounts of regular cash flows are calculated according to the stipulated DCC. Any other value forces all regular cash flows to be equal sized. Default: 0.

Details

AnnivDates generates a list of the three data frames Warnings, Traits and DateVectors. If the variable Coup is passed to the function, the output contains additionally the data frame PaySched. AnnivDates is meant to analyze large data frames. Therefore some features are implemented to evaluate the quality of the data. The output of these features is stored in the data frame Warnings. Please see section Value for a detailed description of the tests run and the meaning of the variables in Warnings. The data frame Traits contains all time-invariant bond characteristics that were either provided by the user or calculated by the function. The data frame DateVectors contains three vectors of Date-Objects named RealDates, CoupDates and AnnivDates and three vectors of numerics named RD_indexes, CD_indexes and AD_indexes. These vectors are used in the other functions of this package according to the methodology presented in Djatschenko (2018). The data frame PaySched matches CoupDates to the actual amount of interest that the bond pays on the respective interest payment date. Section Value provides further information on the output of the function AnnivDates. Below information on the proper input format is provided. Subsequently follows information on the operating principle of the function AnnivDates and on the assumptions that are met to estimate the points in time needed to evaluate a bond.

Value

All dates are returned irrespective of whether they are on a business day or not.

DateVectors (data frame)
-
RealDates

A vector of Date class objects with format "%Y-%m-%d" in ascending order, that contains the issue date, all actual coupon payment dates and the maturity date.

RD_indexes

A vector of numerics capturing the temporal structure of the bond.

CoupDates

A vector of Date class objects with format "%Y-%m-%d" in ascending order, that contains all actual coupon payment dates and the maturity date.

CD_indexes

A vector of numerics capturing the temporal structure of the bond.

AnnivDates

A vector of Date class objects with format "%Y-%m-%d" in ascending order, that contains all theoretical coupon anniversary dates. The first value of AnnivDates is the anniversary date immediately preceding the issue date, if the bond has an irregular first coupon period; otherwise it is the issue date. The final value of AnnivDates is the anniversary date immediately succeeding the maturity date, if the bond has an irregular final coupon period; otherwise it is the maturity date.

AD_indexes

A vector of numerics capturing the temporal structure of the bond.

-
PaySched (data frame)
-
CoupDates

A vector of Date class objects with format "%Y-%m-%d" in ascending order, that contains all actual coupon payment dates and the maturity date.

CoupPayments

A vector of class "numeric" objects, that contains the actual amounts of interest that the bond pays on the respective coupon payment dates. The unit of these payments is the same as that of RV that was passed to the function. RV is not included in the final interest payment.

NOTE:

PaySched is created only if the variable Coup is provided.

-
Traits (data frame)
-
DateOrigin

The starting point for the daycount in "Date" objects.

CpY

Number of interest payments per year.

FIAD

Date on which the interest accrual starts (so-called "dated date").

Em

The bond's issue date that was used for calculations.

Em_Orig

The bond's issue date that was entered.

FIPD

The first interest payment date after Em that was used for calculations. If the entered FIPD was dropped during the calculation process, the value is NA.

FIPD_Orig

The first interest payment date after Em that was entered.

est_FIPD

The estimated first interest payment date after Em. NA, if a valid FIPD was entered.

LIPD

The last interest payment date prior to Mat that was used for calculations. If the entered LIPD was dropped during the calculation process, the value is NA.

LIPD_Orig

The last interest payment date prior to Mat that was entered.

est_LIPD

The estimated last interest payment date prior to Mat. NA, if a valid LIPD was entered.

Mat

The maturity date that was entered.

Refer

Reference date that determines the day figures of all AnnivDates.

FCPType

A character string indicating the type of the first coupon period. Values: "long", "regular", "short".

FCPLength

Length of the first coupon period as a fraction of a regular coupon period.

LCPType

A character string indicating the type of the last coupon period. Values: "long", "regular", "short".

LCPLength

Length of the final coupon period as a fraction of a regular coupon period.

Par

The redemption value of the bond.

CouponInPercent.p.a

Nominal interest rate per year in percent.

DayCountConvention

The day count convention the bond follows.

EOM_Orig

The value of EOM that was entered.

est_EOM

The estimated value of EOM.

EOM_used

The value of EOM that was used in the calculations.

-
Warnings (data frame)
-

A set of flags that indicate the occurrence of warnings during the execution. Below they are listed according to the hierarchical structure within the function AnnivDates.

-
Em_FIAD_differ =
1 , if the provided issue date (Em) was substituted by the first
interest accrual date (FIAD).
This happens, if FIAD is available and different from Em.
________________________________________________
Note: No warning is displayed.
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
EmMatMissing =
1 , if either issue date (Em) or maturity date (Mat) or both
are missing or NA.
________________________________________________
Output: RealDates = NA, CoupDates = NA,
AnnivDates = NA, FCPType = NA, LCPType = NA.
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
CpYOverride =
1 , if number of interest periods per year (CpY) is missing or
NA, or if the provided CpY is not element of {0,1,2,3,4,6,12}.
________________________________________________
Note: CpY is set 2, and the execution continues.
________________________________________________
Output: as if CpY = 2 was provided initially.
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
RV_set100percent =
1 , if the redemption value (RV) is missing or NA.
________________________________________________
Note: RV is set 100, and the execution continues.
________________________________________________
Output: as if RV = 100 was provided initially.
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
NegLifeFlag =
1 , if the provided maturity date (Mat) is before or on the
provided issue date (Em).
________________________________________________
Output: RealDates = NA, CoupDates = NA,
AnnivDates = NA, FCPType = NA, LCPType = NA.
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
ZeroFlag =
1 , if number of interest payments per year (CpY) is 0.
________________________________________________
Output: RealDates = (Em,Mat), CoupDates = Mat,
AnnivDates = (Em,Mat), FCPType = NA, LCPType = NA.
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
Em_Mat_SameMY =
1 , if the issue date (Em) and the maturity date (Mat) are in the
same month of the same year but not on the same day, while
CpY is an element of {1,2,3,4,6,12}.
________________________________________________
Output: RealDates = (Em,Mat), CoupDates = Mat,
FCPType = short, LCPType = short.
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
ChronErrorFlag =
1 , if the provided dates are in a wrong chronological order.
________________________________________________
Note:
The correct ascending chronological order is:
issue date (Em), first interest payment date (FIPD),
last interest payment date (LIPD), maturity date (Mat).
FIPD and LIPD are set as.Date(NA).
________________________________________________
Output: as if FIPD and LIPD were not provided initially.
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
FIPD_LIPD_equal =
1 if Em < FIPD = LIPD < Mat.
________________________________________________
Output: AnnivDates contains FIPD and has at least 3 elements.
RealDates = (Em,FIPD,Mat), CoupDates = (FIPD,Mat).
FCPType and LCPType can be "short", "regular" or "long".
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
IPD_CpY_Corrupt =
1 , if the provided first interest payment date (FIPD) and last
interest payment date (LIPD) are inconsistent with the
provided number of interest payments per year (CpY).
________________________________________________
Note:
Inconsistency occurs if
1. FIPD and LIPD are in the same month of the same year
but not on the same day, or
2. the number of months between FIPD and LIPD is not a
multiple of the number of months implied by CpY, or
3. FIPD and LIPD are not both last day in month, their
day figures differ and the day figure difference between
FIPD and LIPD is not due to different month lengths.
In each of the three cases keeping the provided values of
FIPD and LIPD would violate the assumption, that the
anniversary dates between FIPD and LIPD are evenly
distributed.
________________________________________________
FIPD and LIPD are set as.Date(NA)
and the execution continues.
________________________________________________
Output:
as if FIPD and LIPD were not provided initially.
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
EOM_Deviation =
1 , if the provided value of EOM deviates from the value that
is inferred from the provided calendar dates.
________________________________________________
Note:
The program analyses the valid values of Em, Mat, FIPD and
LIPD to determine the appropriate value of EOM.
If the initially provided value of EOM deviates from the value
determined by the program, there might be an inconsistency
in the provided data.
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
EOMOverride =
1 , if the provided value of EOM is overridden by a value that
is inferred from the provided calendar dates.
________________________________________________
Note:
This happens automatically if EOM is initially missing or NA
or not element of {0,1} and if the provided value of EOM
conflicts with the provided values of FIPD, LIPD or Mat,
e.g. if est_EOM = 0 but EOM = 1.
If EOM_Deviation = 1 and the option FindEOM is set TRUE,
the initially provided value of EOM is also overridden by the
value that is inferred from the provided calendar dates if
est_EOM = 1 but EOM = 0.
________________________________________________
Output:
as if the value of EOM that is found by the program was
provided initially.
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
DCCOverride =
1 if DCC is missing or NA or not element of c(1:16).
________________________________________________
Note:
If the program cannot process the provided day count
identifier DCC, it overrides it with DCC = 2.
________________________________________________
Output:
as if DCC = 2 was provided initially.
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================
-
NoCoups =
1 , if there are no coupon payments between the provided
issue date (Em) and the maturity date (Mat), but the
provided (CpY) is not zero.
________________________________________________
Output:
RealDates = (Em,Mat), CoupDates = (Mat),
AnnivDates contains Mat and has either
2 or 3 elements, FCPType = LCPType and
can be "short", "regular" or "long".
___________________ ___ ________________________________________________
0 , else.
================= === ===========================================

References

  1. Djatschenko, Wadim, The Nitty Gritty of Bond Valuation: A Generalized Methodology for Fixed Coupon Bond Analysis Allowing for Irregular Periods and Various Day Count Conventions (November 5, 2018). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3205167.

Examples

data(SomeBonds2016)

# Applying the function AnnivDates to the data frame SomeBonds2016.
system.time(
  FullAnalysis<-apply(SomeBonds2016[,c('Issue.Date','Mat.Date','CpY.Input','FIPD.Input',
  'LIPD.Input','FIAD.Input','RV.Input','Coup.Input','DCC.Input','EOM.Input')],1,function(y)
  AnnivDates(y[1],y[2],y[3],y[4],y[5],y[6],y[7],y[8],y[9],y[10],RegCF.equal=1)),
gcFirst = TRUE)
# warnings are due to apply's conversion of the variables' classes in
# SomeBonds2016 to class "character"

# The output stored in FullAnalysis ist a nested list.
# Lets look at what is stored in FullAnalysis for a random bond:
randombond<-sample(c(1:nrow(SomeBonds2016)),1)
FullAnalysis[[randombond]]

# Extracting the data frame Warnings:
AllWarnings<-do.call(rbind,lapply(FullAnalysis, `[[`, 1))
summary(AllWarnings)
# binding the Warnings to the bonds
BondsWithWarnings<-cbind(SomeBonds2016,AllWarnings)

# Extracting the data frame Traits:
AllTraits<-do.call(rbind,lapply(FullAnalysis, `[[`, 2))
summary(AllTraits)
# binding the Traits to the bonds
BondsWithTraits<-cbind(SomeBonds2016,AllTraits)

# Extracting the data frame AnnivDates:
AnnivDates<-lapply(lapply(FullAnalysis, `[[`, 3), `[[`, 5)
AnnivDates<-lapply(AnnivDates, `length<-`, max(lengths(AnnivDates)))
AnnivDates<-as.data.frame(do.call(rbind, AnnivDates))
AnnivDates<-as.data.frame(lapply(AnnivDates, as.Date, as.Date(AllTraits$DateOrigin[1])))
# binding the AnnivDates to the bonds:
BondsWithAnnivDates<-cbind(SomeBonds2016,AnnivDates)

# Extracting the data frames PaySched for each bond and creating a panel:
CoupSched<-lapply(FullAnalysis, `[[`, 4)
CoupSchedPanel<-SomeBonds2016[rep(row.names(SomeBonds2016),sapply(CoupSched, nrow)),]
CoupSched<-as.data.frame(do.call(rbind, CoupSched))
CoupSchedPanel<-cbind(CoupSchedPanel,CoupSched)



[Package BondValuation version 0.1.1 Index]