ai {AgreementInterval}

ai

Description

Calculate Agreement Interval of Two Measurement Methods and quantify the agreement

Usage

ai(x, y, lambda = 1, alpha = 0.05, clin.limit = NA)

Arguments

x

A continous numeric vector from measurement method 1

y

A continous numeric vector from measurement method 2, the same length as x.

lambda

Reliability ratio of x vs y. default 1.

alpha

Discordance rate to estimate confidence interval

clin.limit

Clinically meaningful limit (optional)

Details

This is the function to calculate agreement interval (confidence interval) of two continuous numerical vectors from two measurement methods on the same samples. Note that this function only works for scenario with two evaluators, for example, comparing the concordance between two evaluators. We are working on the scenario with more than two evaluators. The two numerical vectors are x and y. It also provides commonly used measures based on index approaches, for example, Pearson's correlation coefficient, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), the concordance correlation coefficient (Lin's CCC), and improved CCC (Liao's ICCC).

Value

Function ai returns an object of class "ai".

An object of class "ai" is a list containing the following components:

alpha: Alpha input for confidence interval estimates

n: Sample size

conf.level: Confidence level calculated from alpha

lambda: Reliability ratio input of x vs y

summaryStat: Summary statistics of input data

sigma.e: Random error estimates

indexEst: Agreement estimates (CI.) based on index approaches

intervalEst: Agreement estimates (CI.) based on interval approaches

biasEst: Bias estimate

intercept: Intercept of linear regression line from measure error model

slope: Slope of linear regression line from measure error model

x.name: x variable name extracted from input, used for plotting

y.name: y variable name extracted from input, used for plotting

tolProb.cl: Tolrance probability calculated based on optional clinically meaningful limit

k.cl: Number of discordance pairs based on optional clinically meaningful limit

alpha.cl: Discordance rate based on clinically meaningful limit

Author(s)

Jialin Xu, Jason Liao

References

Luiz RR, Costa AJL, Kale PL, Werneck GL. Assessment of agreement of a quantitative variable: a new graphical approach. J Clin Epidemiol 2003; 56:963-7.

Jason J. Z. Liao, Quantifying an Agreement Study, Int. J. Biostat. 2015; 11(1): 125-133

Shrout, Patrick E. and Fleiss, Joseph L. Intraclass correlations: uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychological Bulletin, 1979, 86, 420-3428.

Lin L-K., A Concordance Correlation Coefficient to Evaluate Reproducibility. Biometrics 1989; 45:255-68

Liao JJ. An Improved Concordance Correlation Coefficient. Pharm Stat 2003; 2:253-61

Nicole Jill-Marie Blackman, Reproducibility of Clinical Data I: Continuous Outcomes, Pharm Stat 2004; 3:99-108

Examples

ai(x=1:4, y=c(1, 1, 2, 4))
a <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 7)
b <- c(1, 3, 2, 5, 3)
ai(x=a, y=b)
ai(x=IPIA$Tomography, y=IPIA$Urography)
ai(x=IPIA$Tomography, y=IPIA$Urography, clin.limit=c(-15, 15))